疫情常态化防控下网络舆情的生成逻辑、传播样态与治理策略

Generation logic,communication pattern and governance strategy of online public opinion under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control

在抗击新冠疫情的过程中,以习近平同志为核心的党中央始终坚持人民至上、生命至上,团结带领全党全国各族人民同心抗疫,取得了疫情防控的决定性胜利,创造了人类文明史上人口大国成功走出疫情大流行的奇迹。随着病毒对人体健康和生命安全的危害减弱,我国新冠疫情防控作出了一系列重大调整,进入常态化防控阶段。在整个抗击疫情的过程中,网络舆情带给了抗疫工作诸多不确定性,正确把握网络舆情的生成逻辑,分析其传播样态,探寻科学的治理策略,有助于党和国家有效应对社会重大卫生事件中的网络舆情。网络舆情的生成过程有其内在的衍生机理,其产生的逻辑起点是特定社会群体利益诉求的表达,主要是以社会重大卫生事件为诱因,激发公众恐惧恐慌心理,促使社会公众在网络虚拟空间产生集体行为,推动网络舆情生成逻辑的展开,使其迅速成为网络舆情热点,倒逼真相出场。在虚拟空间的传播过程中,网络舆情因传播方式不同,在虚拟空间呈现不同样态,主要包括波状式传播、旋涡式传播、裂变式传播和暴风式传播。疫情常态防控下加强对网络舆情的治理需强化法律建设,创新治理网络舆情的技术手段,建构网络舆情治理联动机制,不断提高公众科学文化素养。

In the process of fighting against COVID-19,the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping as the core has adhered to the principle of putting people and life first,united and led the people of all ethnic groups in the country to combat the epidemic,achieving a major decisive victory of the epidemic prevention and control and creating a miracle in the history of human civilization in which a populous country successfully recovered from the epidemic.As the threat of the virus to human health and safety has weakened,China has made a series of major adjustments in the prevention and control,and is entering the stage of regular prevention and control.In the whole process of fighting against the epidemic,online public opinion has brought many uncertainties to the entire anti-epidemic work.Correctly grasping the generation logic of online public opinion,analyzing its transmission patterns,and exploring scientific governance strategies will help the Party and the state effectively respond to online public opinion in major social health events.In terms of the generation process,there is an inherent derivative mechanism,the logical starting point of which is the expression of interest demands of specific social groups.Major social health events are mainly used as incentives to stimulate public fear and panic,prompting collective behaviors among the public in the online virtual space,promoting the logical development of the generation of online public opinion,making it quickly become a hot topic in online public opinion and forcing the truth to emerge.In the communication process of virtual space,due to different communication methods,network public opinion presents different states in virtual space,mainly including wavelike,spiral,fission,and storm-like communication.In the regular prevention and control of the epidemic,it is necessary to strengthen the governance of online public opinion through strengthening legal construction,innovating technological means to govern online public opinion,establishing a linkage mechanism for online public opinion governance,and continuously improving the scientific and cultural literacy of the public.