自尊水平在精神科护士情绪智力与工作业绩和心理韧性之间的中介效应

The mediating effect of self-esteem level on emotional intelligence,job performance and psychological resilience of psychiatric nurses

目的探讨自尊水平在精神科护士情绪智力与心理韧性和工作业绩之间的中介效应,以期为护理管理者提高护士的工作业绩和心理韧性水平提供参考依据。方法2019年1月—2019年3月,采用便利抽样法选取成都市、昆明市、彭州市3所精神专科医院的注册护士为研究对象,以中文版情绪智力量表(Wong&Law Emotional Intelligence Scale,WLEIS-C)、中文版自尊量表(Self-Esteem Scale,SES)、心理韧性量表(10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,CD-RISC-10)和工作业绩量表为工具进行调查,通过SPSS 26.0软件以及AMOS 26.0软件进行统计描述和分析。结果663名护士的情绪智力、心理韧性、自尊水平、工作业绩总分分别为(83.36±12.90)分、(37.31±5.59)分、(31.05±4.32)分、(29.28±4.09)分,情绪智力、心理韧性、自尊水平与工作业绩呈两两正相关(r=0.371~0.888,P<0.01)。结构方程模型显示,情绪智力通过自尊水平间接影响护士的心理韧性,中介效应为0.216;此外,情绪智力还通过自尊水平间接影响护士的工作业绩,中介效应为0.145。结论护理管理者应注重对精神科护士情绪智力的培养,并增强其自尊水平,进而提高护士的心理韧性水平和工作业绩。

Objective To explore the mediating effect of self-esteem level on emotional intelligence,psychological resilience and work performance of psychiatric nurses,with a view to providing some basis for nursing managers to improve nurses′job performance and enhance their psychological resilience level.Methods From January 2019 to March 2019,registered nurses from three hospitals in Chengdu,Kunming and Pengzhou were selected as the study population using a convenience sampling method,and the Wong&Law Emotional Intelligence Scale,Self-Esteem Scale,10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,and the Job Performance Scale were used as instruments.Statistical description and analysis were conducted by SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 software.Results The total scores of 663 nurses on emotional intelligence,psychological resilience,self-esteem level and job performance were(83.36±12.90),(37.31±5.59),(31.05±4.32)and(29.28±4.09)respectively.There was a positive correlation between emotional intelligence,psychological resilience,self-esteem level and job performance in both cases(r=0.371 to 0.888,P<0.01).The results of structural equation model showed that emotional intelligence indirectly influenced psychological resilience toughness through self-esteem level with a mediating effect of 0.216,and it also influenced nurses′job performance through self-esteem level with a mediating effect of 0.145.Conclusion Nurse managers should focus on developing clinical nurses′emotional intelligence and enhancing their self-esteem level in order to improve nurses′psychological resilience and job performance.