克氏原螯虾8种代谢物对其引诱效果研究

Research on Luring Effect of 8 Metabolites on Procambarus clarkii

克氏原螯虾Procambarus clarkii能够识别水中信息素进行求偶,明确其信息素的有效组分能为克氏原螯虾绿色治理提供理论依据。本文采用Y型水迷宫测试鸟苷-5′-单磷酸二钠、鸟苷-5′-二磷酸二钠、鸟苷-5′-三磷酸二钠、N-乙酰-L-亮氨酸、己酸孕酮、乙炔雌二醇、胆红素和4-巯基尿苷等8种化合物对克氏原螯虾选择行为的影响,筛选具有引诱作用的乙炔雌二醇和己酸孕酮进行浓度测试。结果表明:雄性克氏原螯虾对4-巯基尿苷、胆红素、N-乙酰-L-亮氨酸、鸟苷-5′-三磷酸二钠、鸟苷-5′-二磷酸二钠、鸟苷-5′-单磷酸二钠的选择反应率接近50%,选择系数在±0.15之间,引诱效果不显著(P>0.05);对乙炔雌二醇和己酸孕酮选择反应率高,分别为64.10%、63.24%,选择系数为0.28、0.26,且表现出性别上的显著差异。对雄虾,乙炔雌二醇的最低有效引诱阈值是10μmol/L,己酸孕酮的最低有效引诱阈值是100μmol/L,而雌虾对这2种化合物不敏感。因此,己酸孕酮和乙炔雌二醇对雄性克氏原螯虾具有明显的引诱效果,却对雌鳌虾无明显反应,表明己酸孕酮和乙炔雌二醇是克氏原螯虾性信息素的有效成分。

Pheromones can be recognized by Procambarus clarkii in water for courtship.Clarifying the effective components of P.clarkii pheromones can provide a theoretical basis for green management of aquatic invasive P.clarkii.In this research,the effects of eight standard compounds,namely 4-thiouridine,bilirubin,ethinyl estradiol,17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate,N-acetyl-L-leucine,GTP disodium salt,and GDP disodium salt and GMP disodium salt,on the selection behavior of P.clarkii were tested using a Y-shaped water maze,and then screened for the eliciting effect of ethinyl estradiol and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate to prepare concentration assays.The results showed that the male P.clarkii showed nearly 50%selective response rate to 4-thiouridine,bilirubin,N-acetyl-L-leucine,GTP disodium salt,and GDP disodium salt and GMP disodium salt,with selection coefficients between±0.15 and insignificant luring effects(P>0.05).P.clarkii showed high selection response rates to ethinyl estradiol(64.10%)and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate(63.24%)with selection coefficients of 0.28 and 0.26,which showed significant sex differences.The minimum effective luring threshold of ethinyl estradiol and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate to male P.clarkii were 10 and 100μmol/L,respectively,while female P.clarkii were not sensitive to both compounds.Thus,ethinyl estradiol and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate had significant luring effects on adult male P.clarkii but no significant response to female crayfish,which tentatively showed that ethinyl estradiol and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate were the active components of the sex pheromone in P.clarkii.