绍兴市5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻监测结果

Surveillance results of viral diarrhea in children under five years of age in Shaoxing City

目的 了解浙江省绍兴市5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻特征和病原学特征,为病毒性腹泻防控提供依据。方法 通过绍兴市妇幼保健院收集2019—2022年绍兴市5岁以下病毒性腹泻患儿监测资料,包括人口学信息和粪便标本检测结果,采用描述性流行病学方法分析其流行病学和病原学特征。结果 2019—2022年绍兴市共报告5岁以下腹泻患儿763例,检出病毒阳性236例,阳性率为30.93%。每年均有病毒检出,阳性率分别为49.01%、31.61%、20.43%和21.89%,总体呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。发病高峰为11月至次年3月和5—7月。城区(越城区、柯桥区和上虞区)患儿病毒阳性率为30.22%,低于市县(诸暨市、嵊州市和新昌县)的52.00%(P<0.05)。检出单一病毒感染206例,轮状病毒(RV)、肠道腺病毒(EAdV)、诺如病毒(NoV)和札如病毒(SaV)的阳性率分别为9.57%、8.91%、8.39%和0.13%;检出二重感染25例,EAdV合并NoV阳性率为1.31%,RV合并EAdV阳性率为1.18%,RV合并NoV阳性率为0.79%;检出三重感染5例,均为RV、EAdV、NoV合并,阳性率为0.66%。EAdV阳性率在4月最高,RV和NoV阳性率均在1月最高,SaV仅在4月检出。结论 2019—2022年绍兴市5岁以下病毒性腹泻患儿冬春季为高发季节,主要分布在城区;病毒阳性率总体呈下降趋势,RV、EAdV和NoV阳性率较高。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of viral diarrhea among children under 5 years of age in Shaoxing City,Zhejiang Province,so as to provide insights into management of viral diarrhea.Methods The surveillance data on viral diarrhea among children under 5 years of age in Shaoxing City from 2019 to 2022 were collected,including demographics and stool testing results.The epidemiological and etiological characteristics of viral diarrhea were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 763 diarrheal children under 5 years of age were reported in Shaoxing City from 2019 to 2022,and 236 children were tested positive for vi⁃rus(30.93%).The detection of virus was 49.01%,31.61%,20.43%and 21.89%from 2019 to 2022,which appeared an overall tendency towards a decline(P<0.05).The incidence of viral diarrhea peaked from November to March of the next year and from May to July,and the detection of virus was lower among children with diarrhea living in urban ar⁃eas(Yuecheng District,Keqiao District and Shangyu District)than among those in suburb areas(Zhuji City,Shengzhou City and Xinchang County)(30.22%vs.52.00%,P<0.05).There were 206 children tested positive for a single virus,and the detection rates of rotavirus(RV),enteric adenovirus(EAdV),norovirus(NoV),and sapovirus(SaV)were 9.57%,8.91%,8.39%,and 0.13%,respectively.There were 25 children with virus co-infections,and the positive rates of EAdV and NoV,RV and EAdV and RV and NoV co-infections were 1.31%,1.18%and 0.79%,respectively.There were 5 children with triple infections of RV, EAdV and NoV (0.66%). The highest detection of EAdV was seen inApril, the highest detection of RV and NoV was seen in January, while SaV was only detected in April. ConclusionsThe incidence of viral diarrhea among children under 5 years of age peaked in winter and spring in Shaoxing Cityfrom 2019 to 2022, and the cases predominantly occurred in urban areas. The detection of virus appeared an overalltendency towards a decline, with high detection of RV, EAdV and NoV.