老年患者医院感染分布情况及危险因素分析

Analysis of distribution and risk factors of nosocomial infection in elderly patients

目的了解老年患者医院感染分布情况,分析其危险因素。方法通过病案管理系统和医院感染监测系统导出2021年老年患者病历信息。结果2021年23215名老年患者医院感染率为2.17%(例次率为2.25%),老年患者医院感染平均住院时间较非医院感染的多16 d、平均住院费用多29500.81元(P<0.05);感染部位以下呼吸道感染、泌尿道感染、血流感染为主;神经内科、肿瘤科、神经外科老年患者发生医院感染较多。性别、年龄、糖尿病、肿瘤、高血压、使用呼吸机或气管插管、使用导尿管、使用静脉置管、2次以上住院情况为老年患者发生医院感染的危险因素。结论重点监测高龄老年患者医院感染病例,加强基础疾病治疗,对侵入性操作提前进行防控措施干预,运用多学科诊疗,提供个性化诊疗方案,降低老年患者医院感染发生率。

Objective To investigate the distribution of nosocomial infection in elderly patients and analyze its risk factors.Methods The medical records of elderly patients in 2021 were extracted through the medical record management system and the hospital infection monitoring system.Results The nosocomial infection rate of 23215 elderly patients in 2021 was 2.17%(case rate was 2.25%).The average hospital stay of elderly patients with nosocomial infection was 16 d longer than that of non-nosocomial infection,and the average hospitalization cost was 29500.81 yuan more(P<0.05).The main infection sites were respiratory tract infection,urinary tract infection and bloodstream infection.Nosocomial infection was more common in elderly patients in department of neurology,oncology,and neurosurgery.Gender,age,diabetes mellitus,tumor,hypertension,use of ventilator or tracheal intubation,use of catheter,use of intravenous catheters,and more than two hospital admissions were the risk factors for nosocomial infection in elderly patients.Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial infection in elderly patients should be reduced by focusing on monitoring nosocomial infection in elderly patients,strengthening the treatment of basic diseases,preventing and controlling interventions for invasive operations in advance,applying multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment,and providing personalized diagnosis and treatment programs.