广州市区固定献血者与初次献血者人口社会学及献血行为特征分析

Demographic sociology and blood donation behavior characteristics of regular blood donors and first-time blood donors in Guangzhou urban district

目的通过比较分析初次献血者和固定献血者的人口社会学和献血行为特征,为制定精准招募策略,提高固定献血者保留率提供依据。方法回顾性分析2021年1月1日至12月31日在该中心献血的初次献血者与固定献血者人口社会学特征与献血情况,分析其性别、职业、学历、献血频次、献血年限、献血间隔与初次献血量等特征差异。结果初次献血者与固定献血者男女比例差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1382.92,P<0.01);固定献血者初次献血年龄主要集中在26~45岁(61.17%),而初次献血者人群18~25岁是主力军(67.03%);初次献血者中200 mL和400 mL献血者比例相近,为39.87%和40.17%,固定献血者中400 mL献血者比例最高(60.28%);固定献血者中64.16%献血年限处于10年之内,82.96%累计献血频次在10次以下。结论对女性献血者群体和大学生团体应加强关注和回召;改善团体预约献血活动的服务环境与服务态度,促进初次献血者向固定献血者的转化;针对既往献血10次及以上、献血年限10年以上的固定献血者,应进一步探寻更有效的激励方法和途径提高有效保留率。

Objective To compare and analyze the demographic sociology and donation behavior characteristics of first-time and regular blood donors,so as to design a basis for formulating accurate recruitment strategy and improving the retention rates for regular blood donors.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out to analyze the demographic sociology characteristics and blood donation status of the population of first-time donors and regular blood donors who donated blood in this center from January 1 to December 31,2021,and to analyze the differences between gender,occupation,education,frequency of blood donation,blood donation period,blood donation interval and first-time donation volume.Results The ratio of men to women among first-time donors and regular donors was significantly different(χ^(2)=1382.92,P<0.01).The age of first blood donation of regular donors was mainly from 26 to 45 years old(61.17%),while the first blood donation was mainly from 18 to 25 years old(67.03%).The percentage of first-time donors who donated blood of 200 mL and 400 mL(39.87%and 40.17%)was comparable.The proportion of 400ml blood donors was the highest in the regular blood donors(60.28%).Among the regular blood donors,64.16%have donated blood within 10 years,and 82.96%have donated blood less than 10 times.Conclusion It is supposed to pay more attention to female blood donors and college students.To promote the conversion of first-time blood donors to regular blood donors,it is supposed to upgrade the service environment and attitude for collective blood donation.And it is suggested to search more efficient incentive strategies and techniques to raise the effective retention rate for regular blood donors who have donated blood for ten times or more and donated blood for more than ten years.