功能性近红外光谱成像技术在临床疼痛评估中的研究进展

Research advances in functional near-infrared spectroscopy in clinical pain assessment

疼痛是目前危害人类健康的主要因素,客观、及时、有效的疼痛评估是疼痛治疗的重要前提。功能性近红外光谱成像技术(functional near-infrared spectroscopy,fNIRS)是一种以神经血管耦联机制为基础的测量大脑皮质血流动力学的技术,具有敏感、无创、连续、客观、便携等优势。文章通过总结疼痛的病理生理机制及其引起的特征性大脑皮质反应,简述fNIRS评估疼痛的作用机制,论述fNIRS在成年人急慢性疼痛诊疗中的研究进展,并探讨fNIRS对于儿童、全麻状态患者等特殊人群疼痛评估的独特价值,及其在优化临床疼痛评估及管理方面的巨大潜力,以期为临床疼痛评估拓展思路。

Pain is the main factor endangering human health at present.Objective,timely and effective pain evaluation is an important premise for pain treatment.Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)is a technique to measure cerebral cortex hemodynamics based on the neurovascular coupling mechanism.It has the advantages of high sensitivity,noninvasive,continuity,objectivity,and portability.By summarizing the pathophysiological mechanism of pain and its characteristic cerebral cortical response,this review briefly describes the mechanism of fNIRS in pain assessment,discusses the research progress of fNIRS in the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic pain in adults,and discusses the unique value of fNIRS in pain assessment of children,patients under general anesthesia and other special groups.It has great potential to optimize the evaluation and management of clinical pain in order to expand ideasof clinical pain evaluation.