脑电爆发抑制特征及机制研究进展

Research advances on the characteristics and mechanism of electroencephalographic burst suppression

爆发抑制(burst suppression,BS)是脑电波监测中一种特殊的脑电图(electroencephalogram,EEG)模式,多见于全身麻醉、低体温、昏迷、缺氧或癫痫性脑病等。BS的发生机制尚不清楚,目前主要的假说有皮质兴奋性增加和脑代谢率下降等,而不同原因导致的BS,其机制可能不尽相同。文章对BS的概念、不同原因下的BS特征改变以及BS与患者预后的相关研究进行总结,着重介绍BS在神经元、神经环路、神经网络水平的潜在发生机制研究进展,以期为更加深入地理解BS和更好地指导临床提供参考。

Burst suppression(BS)is a special electroencephalogram(EEG)pattern in electroencephalographic monitoring,which is usually found in patients under general anesthesia,hypothermia,coma,anoxic or epileptic encephalopathy.The underlying mechanisms remain unclear.At present,the main hypotheses are cortical hyperexcitability and a decrease in cerebral metabolic rate.However,the mechanism may be different under various circumstances.This article summarizes the concept of BS,the characteristics of BS under various conditions,and the association of BS with patient outcomes.We focus on the research advances of the potential mechanism of BS at the levels of neurons,neural circuits,and neural networks.This may provide a reference for a deep understanding of BS and better guidance for clinical practice.