德国高等教育4.0数字化转型的战略规划、实施体系及其启示

On the Strategic Plan and Implementation System of Digital Transformation of German Higher Education 4.0

德国高等教育4.0数字化转型是因应工业4.0发展需求,满足数字经济与培养数字人才的需要,运用数字技术革新高等教育的系统工程。德国高等教育4.0数字化转型的战略规划包括推行高校数字转型政策、提升高校师生数字素养、优化高校基础设施建设、保障高校信息数据安全、构建数字高教国际格局。德国高等教育4.0数字化转型的实施体系包括推行数字技术与教学互联互通的教学4.0、数字技术与课程互释互构的课程4.0、数字技术与研究共在共存的研究4.0以及数字技术与管理共建共享的行政管理4.0。借鉴德国高等教育数字发展战略经验,审视我国高等教育数字化发展实情,我国可通过如下措施推动高等教育数字化建设:完善数字教育指导方针,力促各方力量协同参与;架构虚实融合教学情景,深化高校数字课程理念;践行数字行政管理策略,落实数据信息安全保障;创新高校数字交流模式,构建国际合作发展格局。

The digital transformation of German higher education 4.0 is a systematic engineering project that responds to the development needs of industry 4.0,to meet the needs of the digital economy and the cultivation of digital talents,utilizing digital technology to innovate higher education.The strategic planning for this digital transformation includes implementing the policy of digital transformation in universities,improving the digital literacy of university teachers and students,optimizing the construction of university infrastructure,ensuring the security of university information data,and constructing an international pattern of digital higher education.The implementation system includes:teaching 4.0,which promotes the interconnection between digital technology and teaching;curriculum 4.0,in which digital technology and curriculum interpret and construct each other;research 4.0,in which digital technology and research coexist;and administrative management 4.0,in which digital technology and management co-construct and share each other.Drawing on the experience of German higher education digital develapment strategy and examine the reality of China's higher education digital development,it is essential to promote the digital construction of higher education through the following measures:optimize guidelines for digital education,to facilitate collaborative efforts from all stakeholders;establish a harmonious blend of virtual and physical teaching scenarios,to deepen the conceptualization of digital curriculum in universities;implement strategies for digital administrative management,to ensure data and information security;innovate the digital communication mode of universities,to construct an international framework for cooperative growth.