我国生态产品价值实现政策的配置与优化——基于政策文本分析

Research on the allocation and optimization of the value realization policy of ecological products in China:From the perspective of policy text analysis

为促进城乡区域协调发展,推动地区生态产业化和产业生态化,完善生态产品价值实现的多元化路径和政策制度体系,对当前中央和地方政府发布的生态产品价值实现相关政策文本展开分析,并提出优化建议,为后续相关政策配置与优化提供参考。通过选取2019年-2022年8月间36份生态产品价值实现政策文本作为研究对象,构建政策工具-政策目标二维分析框架,借助质性分析工具Nvivo12对其进行量化分析和综合评价。研究发现,政策文件以通知和实施方案为主;政策工具覆盖较为全面,但内部存在分配不太协调的现象。政策目标维度中生态环境优美化受关注度较高,而生态产业高效化较少。工具-目标配置上,存在多对多的关系,不同政策目标对应的政策工具也存在差异。为进一步优化生态产品价值实现的政策供给,从政策工具上应以战略、具体规划为重点,平衡政策工具内部结构比例;从政策目标上应强调从金融和技术方面助推生态产品价值实现的同时,也需要加强法规管制力度,推出更专业化和可操作性的具体举措,因地制宜凸显区域化特色和差异,真正将生态产品价值实现政策落到实处,确保成果看得见摸得着。

In order to facilitate the coordinated development of urban and rural areas,promote regional industrialization of ecology as well as growth of industry in a ecotypic way,and improve the diversified pathways and policy hierarchy for value realization of ecological products,this paper analyzed the policy documents currently published central and local governments regarding value realization of ecological products,and offered optimization proposals so as to provide reference to future policy making and optimizing.Thirty six policy documents published from 2019 to August 2022 are selected as research objects.Policy Tool-Policy Targets,a two-dimensional analysis framework,is established and Nvivo12,an isotropy analysis tool,are used to analyze and evaluate the aforementioned objects quantitatively and comprehensively.It reveals that the policy documents mainly constituted by notifications and implementation plans;Although the coverage of policy tools is relatively comprehensive,their internal allocation is unbalanced.From perspective of Policy Targets dimension,the beautification of ecological environment is highly concerned while the efficiency of ecological industry is less considered.Multimapping can be seen in configuration of Tools to Targets.Policy tools for different policy targets are varied.In a bid to further optimize policy supply for value realization of ecological products,the policy tools shall focusing on strategical and specific planning,and shall be balanced in proportion of internal structure.From perspective of Policy Targets,facilitating value realization of ecological products by finance and technology shall be emphasized.By the meantime,legal regulation shall also be further stressed;the measurements shall be more professional,actionable and adjusted to regional characteristics and areal variation,so as to ensure the earnest implementation of ecological products value realization policies and substantial achievements can be reached thereafter.