柱状侧链高分子体系的结构、黏弹性及功能应用

Cylindrical Side-chain Polymers: Structure, Viscoelasticity and Functional Applications

近年来,具有柱状结构的侧链高分子体系,如瓶刷状聚合物等,因其特殊的超软、超弹性、快速应变硬化等有趣的黏弹性而受到学术界高度重视.本综述对相关研究进展做了一些梳理和总结.主要介绍了瓶刷链、树枝化聚合物、甲壳型液晶高分子等几类经典的以“单链超分子柱”为特征的侧链高分子的结构和线性黏弹性,并以楔形侧链高分子为例介绍了“多链超分子柱”的性质.在简述柱状侧链高分子体系功能应用方面的探索之后,也扼要讨论了研究中存在的问题与挑战.虽然目前柱状侧链高分子的缠结及微相分离带来的复杂松弛行为的物理机制还不十分明晰,但对于这类高分子的深入研究无疑将为新型黏弹材料的设计和制造提供新的思路和坚实的理论基础.

Due to their unique supersoft,superelastic,quick strain hardening,and other fascinating viscoelastic features,cylindrical side-chain polymer systems,such as bottlebrush polymers,have gained significant interest recently.In this mini-review,we intend to summarize the relevant research progresses.Several typical side-chain polymers that demonstrate the structure of the single-chain supramolecular columns,including bottlebrushes,dendronized polymers and mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymers,are introduced along with their linear viscoelasticity.Furthermore,the features of multi-chain supramolecular columns are illustrated by using the self-assembly of wedge-shaped side-chain polymers as the example.After a brief overview of the functional applications of cylindrical side-chain polymer systems,we give some comments on the obstacles and challenges in this research field.Even though the physical mechanisms underlying the complex relaxation behavior of cylindrical side-chain polymers caused by entanglement and microphase separation are still not fully understood,research on these polymers will offer fresh perspectives and a theoretical foundation for creating brand-new viscoelastic materials.