规范性力量视角下的欧盟对非教育发展合作

EU Development Cooperation in Education to Africa from the Perspective of Normative Power

欧盟在国际社会中扮演着规范性力量的角色,通过教育等软性手段传播欧盟的规则和价值观,实现欧盟规范的扩散。欧盟对非教育发展合作包含了利他和利己的双重目标,旨在促进非洲教育、经济、政治等领域的可持续发展,也服务于欧盟的整体利益和政治意图。在对非洲的教育发展合作过程中,欧盟采取了程序性扩散、传递性扩散以及“文化过滤”扩散三种手段,促进制度性规范在非洲的扩散,推动非洲按照欧洲模式进行教育变革和转型。欧盟对非教育发展合作无疑加速了欧盟规范的外溢,推动博洛尼亚进程等模式南渐,成功将欧洲教育模式和标准引入非洲教育系统。欧盟对非教育发展合作也存在固守统一的区域教育发展合作范式、传统和新兴援助者的竞争以及新殖民主义色彩等挑战。

European Union(EU)plays a role of"Normative Power"in the international community,disseminating EU rules and values through soft means such as education,and realizing the dissemination of EU norms.Development cooperation in education to Africa contains altruistic and egoistic motivations,which aims to promote sustainable development of Africa in the fields of education,economy and politics,and also serve the overall interests and political intentions of EU.During its development cooperation in education to Africa,EU mainly adopts three means,namely Procedural Diffusion,Transference Diffusion,and"Cultural Filter",to promote the diffusion and dissemination of institutional norms in Africa in a soft way,and to promote Africa to transform education in accordance with the"European model".EU's development cooperation in education to Africa undoubtedly accelerates the successful spillover of EU norms,promotes the outward expansion of"European model"such as Bologna Process,and successfully introduces and internalizes European education models and standards into the education system in Africa.However,EU's development cooperation in education to Africa also confronts challenges such as sticking to a unified regional education development cooperation paradigm,competition among traditional and emerging donors,and neocolonialism.