激光粉末床熔融成形高强铝合金研究现状与发展

Research Status and Development of Laser Additive Manufacturing of High Strength Aluminum Alloy

金属激光增材制造技术的发展为航空航天复杂铝合金构件轻量化设计与一体化成形提供了新途径。然而,高强铝合金激光增材制造成形时面临吸收率低、易氧化与烧损、裂纹敏感性高等挑战。针对这些挑战,国内外学者从高强铝合金成分设计与工艺优化等方面开展了一系列研究,为高强铝合金激光增材制造成形性调控及工程应用奠定了基础。综述了近年来激光增材制造高强铝合金成分设计与工艺优化等方面的研究,总结了激光增材制造成形高强铝合金存在的问题及未来发展趋势。

The development of metal laser additive manufacturing technology provides a new way for lightweight design and integrated forming of complex aluminum alloy components in aerospace.However,high strength aluminum alloy laser additive manufacturing is faced with challenges such as low absorption rate,easy oxidation and burning,and high sensitivity to crack.To address these challenges,domestic and foreign scholars carried out a series of studies from the aspects of composition design and process optimization,which laid a foundation for the shape regulation and engineering application of high strength aluminum alloy laser additive manufacturing.The researches on composition design and process optimization of laser additive manufacturing of high strength aluminum alloy in recent years were reviewed,and the existing problems and future development trend of laser additive manufacturing of high strength aluminum alloy were summarized.