欧盟职业教育与培训绿色转型的治理框架及实施路径

Governance Framework and Implementation Paths of the Green Transformation of Vocational Education and Training in the European Union

推进职业教育与培训绿色转型治理,加快实现可持续发展目标是欧盟的重要关注领域。基于对欧盟职业教育与培训绿色转型治理动因的分析,建构基于主体、内容、方向和工具维度的治理框架,发现欧盟职业教育与培训的绿色转型包括四条实施路径:发挥政策目标引导作用,推动绿色转型理念传播;深入推进教学形式变革,促进就业市场相协调;切实保障教师能力提升,落实职业教育与培训绿色转型实践;开拓多元资金供给渠道,保障绿色转型中的包容性与公平性。进一步探析法国、西班牙、丹麦和爱沙尼亚等成员国的案例实践,总结治理的有效手段为:进行技能需求预测,实现多方协同合作,促进国家财政支撑,加强弱势群体教育。

Promoting the green transformation governance of VET and accelerating the achievement of the SDGs are important areas of concern for the EU.Based on the analysis of the governance motivations for the green transformation of the EU vocational education and training,a governance framework based on the dimensions of subject,content,direction and tools is constructed.It is found that the green transformation of VET in the EU includes four implementation paths:playing a guiding role in policy objectives to promote the dissemination of green transformation concepts,deepening the reform of teaching forms to promote the coordination of the job market,effectively ensuring the improvement of teachers' abilities to implement green transformation practices in VET,and exploring multiple funding supply channels to ensure inclusivity and fairness.By further analyzing the case practices of France,Spain,Denmark,Estonia and other member states,the paper concludes that the effective means of governance are to predict the skill demand,realize multi-party cooperation,promote national financial support and strengthen the education of vulnerable groups.