环境化学品暴露与宿主肠道微生态健康的研究进展与展望

Environmental chemicals exposure and host intestinal microecology:Research progress and prospective

越来越多的研究证实肠道微生态与宿主机体的健康密切相关.饮食、环境等外源性因素可显著改变宿主肠道菌群的组成和结构,打破肠道菌群稳态,影响机体代谢从而对宿主健康产生威胁.人体和动物暴露于各种污染环境时,其肠道微生态是否受到影响,肠道微生态是否为化学品暴露引起健康危害的重要起因,是目前化学品暴露领域的前沿科学问题.本综述总结了传统持久性有机污染物(POPs)、重金属、新污染物(新型持久性有机污染物、内分泌干扰物、微/纳塑料及抗生素)等三大类主要的环境化学品暴露与宿主肠道微生态稳态的研究进展,讨论了肠道菌群响应环境化学品暴露的变化,及其对宿主健康带来的影响,以期更好地理解环境化学品对人群和动物体的健康风险及其作用机制.

A growing studies have confirmed that the gut microbiota was closely related to the host health.Exogenous factors such as diet and environmental exposure can significantly alter the composition and structure of host intestinal flora,break the homeostasis of intestinal flora,affect the metabolism of host and threaten host health.Whether the intestinal microecology of human beings and animals is affected when they are exposed to various polluted environments and whether the intestinal microecology is an important factor of health risks caused by environmental chemical exposure are the frontier scientific issues in the field of chemical exposure.The current review summarized the research progress on the associations between three major environmental chemicals and host intestinal microecology,including legacy persistent organic pollutants(POPs),heavy metals and emerging pollutants(emerging POPs,endocrine disrupting chemicals,micro-/nanoplastics and antibiotics).Then we discussed the changes of intestinal flora in response to environmental chemical exposure and the adversely effects on host health.It can provide new sight and evidence on the health risks and related mechanisms of environmental chemicals exposure among human and animals.