2012—2021年河北省≥60岁老年人艾滋病流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of AIDS among the elderly aged≥60 years old in Hebei Province from 2012-2021

目的了解河北省2012—2021年≥60岁老年人艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)流行情况,为今后针对该人群制定防控策略提供数据参考。方法通过艾滋病防治基本信息系统收集河北省2012—2021年报告的年龄≥60岁的人类免疫缺陷病毒(Human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者/AIDS患者(HIV/AIDS病例),分析其疫情概况、地区分布、性别和年龄分布、人口学、传播途径以及样本来源等特征。结果2012—2021年河北省累计报告≥60岁老年HIV/AIDS病例1426例,其中HIV感染者898例(占63.0%),AIDS患者528例(占37.0%);报告病例数由33例增加至229例,平均增长速度为24.0%;报告病例数占比由4.5%增加至9.0%。地区分布有差异,报告病例前3位的是城市1、城市6和城市2。以男性为主,占84.7%,男女性别比为5.5∶1。报告时平均年龄为(67.0±5.9)岁,60~<70岁占70.8%。职业主要为农民,占53.1%,文化程度以初中为主,占34.6%,97.7%为汉族,婚姻状况以已婚有配偶为主,占65.4%。异性传播和同性传播比例均较高,分别为48.9%和47.4%。异性传播主要是以非婚非商业方式,其次男性主要是商业性行为,占37.0%,女性是配偶阳性,占44.2%。样本来源主要是医疗机构,占71.5%。结论2012—2021年河北省≥60岁老年人HIV/AIDS病例数增长速度较快,地区分布有差异,呈现异性传播为主、文化水平低、被动发现等特点。应做到精准防控,预防艾滋病在老年人群中传播。

Objective To understand the prevalence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)among the elderly aged≥60 years old in Hebei Province from 2012 to 2021,provide data reference for the formulation of prevention and control strategies in the future.Methods The human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infections/AIDS patients aged≥60 years old reported in Hebei Province from 2012 to 2021 were collected through the AIDS Prevention and Control Basic Information System,and the characteristics of the epidemic situation,regional distribution,gender and age distribution,demographics,transmission routes,and sample sources were analyzed.Results From 2012 to 2021,a total of 1426 HIV infections/AIDS patients in the elderly aged≥60 years old were reported in Hebei Province,including 898 HIV infections(63.0%)and 528 AIDS patients(37.0%).The number of reported cases increased from 33 to 229,with an average growth rate of 24.0%.The proportion of reported cases increased from 4.5%to 9.0%.There were differences in regional distribution.The top three cities of reported cases were City 1,City 6 and City 2.The cases were mainly occurred in male(84.7%),with a sex ratio of 5.5∶1.The average age at the time of reporting was(67.0±5.9)years old,and 70.8%were aged 60-70 years old.The occupation was mainly peasant,accounting for 53.1%,and the education level was mainly junior high school,accounting for 34.6%.97.7%of cases are Han nationality,and the marital status was mainly married with a spouse,accounting for 65.4%.The proportions of heterosexual transmission and homosexual transmission were both higher,at 48.9%and 47.4%,respectively.The heterosexual transmission was mainly in non-marital and non-commercial ways,moreover,men were mainly infected by commercial sex,accounting for 37.0%,while women were infected by positive spouse,accounting for 44.2%.The main sources of samples were medical institutions,accounting for 71.5%.Conclusions From 2012 to 2021,the number of HIV infec tions/AIDS patients in the elderly aged≥60 years old in Hebei Province increases rapidly,and the regional distribution is different,showing the characteristics of heterosexual transmission,low educational level,and passive detection.The precise prevention and control should be done to prevent the spread of AIDS among the elderly.