“去美元化”:发展中国家独立自主发展的时代诉求

“De-dollarization”:The Appeal for Independent Development of Developing Countries in the New Era

作为提供世界主要外汇流动性国家,美国的对外经济政策和国内货币政策调整通常都影响美元流动性并进而影响世界经济。随着俄乌冲突后美国的对俄制裁及2022年美国新一轮加息政策启动,发展中国家出现了外汇存用的“去美元化”浪潮。“去美元化”以关注本国资源经济可持续发展和维护宏观经济稳定为基础,包括资源贸易本币结算、推出区域货币合作、降低美元外汇储备等。该现象反映出发展中国家对以美国货币为介质的国际经济合作缺乏安全感。“去美元化”是发展中国家在新技术条件和新国际合作形势下就长期主张的经济独立自主发展的时代诉求。应对全球发展的周期性困境,国际社会必须高度重视解决发展中国家金融安全问题。在新技术条件下,探索新的主权货币合作方式和监管符合全球化发展需要。

As a major foreign exchange liquidity provider,the U.S.foreign economic policy and domestic monetary policy adjustment affect the U.S.dollar liquidity and then affect the world economy.With the United States sanctions against Russia after the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the start of a new round of interest rate increase policy in 2022,there is a wave of“de-dollarization”of foreign exchange reserves and international settlement in developing countries.“De-dollarization”is based on the sustainable development of domestic resource economy and the maintenance of macro-economic stability,including the settlement of resource trade in local currency,the introduction of regional currency cooperation,and the reduction of US dollar foreign exchange reserves.“De-dollarization”reflects the insecurity of developing countries towards international economic cooperation mediated by the dollar currency.“De-dollarization”is the aspiration of developing countries for economic independence and independent development under the new technological conditions and new international cooperation situation.In response to the cyclical predicament of global growth,the international community must attach great importance to the financial security of developing countries.Under the circumstances of new technologies,exploring new ways of sovereign currency cooperation and supervision is in accordance with the needs of globalization.