“废而又立”的第二学士学位教育发展审思——基于政策行动综合解释模型的探讨

Rethinking the“Abolishing and Re-establishing”of Second Bachelor's Degree Education-Based on the Exploration of a Comprehensive Explanatory Model of the Policy Action

第二学士学位教育在2020年的“废而又立”,是我国高等教育发展因势制宜的特殊政策行动。从贡献看,首开交叉学科复合型职后学历人才培养先河,满足特定时期应用型高层次人才培养需要,弥补改革之初高校跨学科专业设置不足,系第二学士学位教育在特定历史时期的形式价值、目的价值和评判价值。然随着社会发展进步,第二学士学位教育亦因实施主体意愿参差而导致规模扩增缓慢,因就业市场的认可不足而造成高质量就业困难,因升学通道窄化阻滞而陷入教育吸引不够。后疫情时代的第二学士学位教育政策目标实现,需从政策导向上放宽第二学士学位教育办学准入,从政策激励上提高第二学士学位教育的就业认可,从政策协调上拓宽第二学士学位教育的升学通道。

The“abolishment and re-establishment”of the second bachelor's degree education in 2020 is a special policy action for the development of higher education in China.With the specific contribution,it is a pioneer in the field of the talents'cultivation for the cross-disciplinary post-vocational qualification.Meanwhile,it meets the needs of cultivating higher-level applied talents in a specific period,in order to make up for the shortage of interdisciplinary majors in universities at the beginning of the reform.In other words,the education of the second bachelor's degree produces the standard value,purpose value and assessment value in a specific historical period.However,with the progress of social development,the second bachelor's degree education has been expanded slowly due to the universities'uneven willingness for the reform,the difficulty of high-quality employment because of insufficient recognition in the job market,and the lack of education attraction because of limited access to further education.In order to achieve the goal of the second bachelor's degree education policy in the post epidemic era,three concerns need to be taken into consideration.First,the access to second bachelor's degree education from the perspective of policy orientation should be relaxed.Second,the employment recognition of second bachelor's degree education from the perspective of policy incentives should be improved,and the promotion channel of second bachelor's degree education from the perspective of policy coordination should be broadened.