专科护士主导的出院准备服务在肺移植患者中的应用研究

Application of nurse-led discharge preparation in perioperative lung transplant patients

目的探讨专科护士主导的出院准备服务在肺移植患者围手术期的应用效果。方法基于过渡理论,在文献分析和专家会议的基础上,构建专科护士主导的肺移植患者出院准备服务方案。使用方便抽样法,选取2022年1月—11月在浙江省某三级甲等医院治疗的33例肺移植患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字法分为试验组和对照组。试验组实施专科护士主导的肺移植患者出院准备服务方案,对照组采取肺移植常规围手术期管理。收集患者入院至出院后3个月内的相关数据,比较两组出院准备度、再插管、再入院情况及患者居家健康照护体验得分的差异。结果干预后,两组出院准备度量表得分、再插管率、患者居家健康照护体验得分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者出院后1、3个月的再入院率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论专科护士主导的肺移植患者出院准备服务能提高肺移植患者的出院准备度以及患者的居家自我护理质量。

Objective To investigate the effect of specialty nurse-led discharge preparation in the perioperative period of lung transplantation patients.Methods Based on the transition theory,literature analysis and expert meetings,the hospital discharge preparation service plan for lung transplant patients was established.We selected 33 lung transplant patients in a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province for this study based on convenience sampling,and they were divided into an experimental group and a control group by random number method.The experimental group received the discharge preparation service program led by specialty nurses,and the control group received routine perioperative management of lung transplantation.Data from admission to 3 months after discharge were collected.Between the 2 groups,they were compared on readiness for hospital discharge,reintubation,readmission,and part 2 of Partners at Care Transitions Measure(PACT-M2).Results A statistically significant difference was found in the scores for readiness for hospital discharge,reintubation rate,and Chinese version PACT-M2(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the number of readmissions 1 month and 3 months after discharge between the 2 groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Specialized nurse-led discharge preparation services for lung transplant patients can improve their readiness for discharge and enhance the quality of self-care at home.