大学生体育锻炼与领悟社会支持的SEM分析

Relationship Between College Students'Physical Activity and Perceived Social Support Based on Structural Equation Model

目的探究大学生体育锻炼水平和相关因素与领悟社会支持水平的关系,为提高大学生心理健康水平提供理论参考。方法通过方便抽样,采用《体育锻炼等级量表》《人际关系综合诊断量表》《领悟社会支持量表》对江苏省某2所高校588名在校大学生进行调查。结果大学生在体育锻炼上存在着显著性别差异(p<0.05),其中男生的体育锻炼水平高于女生,人际关系困扰和领悟社会支持水平则不存在性别差异;体育锻炼与人际关系困扰、领悟社会支持均存在相关关系(r=-0.166,r=0.172,p<0.01);结构方程模型检验结果显示:体育锻炼水平能够正向预测领悟社会支持(β=0.21,p<0.01),负向预测人际关系困扰(β=-0.23,p<0.01);人际关系困扰负向预测领悟社会支持(β=-0.13,p<0.01)。结论体育锻炼能够直接正向预测大学生的领悟社会支持水平,也可以通过改善其人际关系困扰间接影响大学生的领悟社会支持水平,人际关系困扰在大学生体育锻炼和领悟社会支持水平之间起到中介作用。

Objective To explore the relationship between college students'level of physical exercise and related factors and their understanding of social support,in order to provide theoretical reference for improving college students'mental health.Methods Through convenient sampling,588 college students from two university in Jiangsu province were investigated using the Physical Exercise Rating Scale,the Comprehensive Diagnostic Scale for Interpersonal Relationships,and the Perceived Social Support Scale.Results There were significant gender differences in physical exercise among college students(p<0.05),with male students having a higher level of physical exercise than female students.However,there were no gender differences in interpersonal distress and perceived social support levels.There was a correlation between physical exercise and interpersonal distress,as well as perceived social support(r=-0.166,r=0.172,p<0.01);Structural equation model test results show that physical exercise level can positively predict perceived social support(β=0.21,p<0.01),a negative predictor of interpersonal distress(β=-0.23,p<0.01);Negative Prediction of Interpersonal Relationship Distress Comprehension of Social Support(β=-0.13,p<0.01).Conclusion Physical exercise can directly and positively predict college students'level of perceived social support,and can also indirectly affect their level of perceived social support through improving their interpersonal relationship distress,which plays a mediating role between physical exercise and perceived social support.