150份豌豆(Pisum sativum L.)种质资源开花期关键性状评价

Evaluation of Main Traits for 150 Pisum sativum Germplasms Resources at Flowering Stage

为筛选适宜高寒区种植的草产量高、绿肥特性优的豌豆品种,采用相关性、主成分和聚类分析方法对150份国内外豌豆种质资源花期关键性状进行分析和评价。结果表明:供试豌豆种质资源花期根瘤数量和花干重的变异系数较大,分别为0.65和0.41,其次为叶干重、茎干重和根干重。根瘤数量、茎、叶和花干重间具有显著的相关性。花期主要性状主成分分析发现,前2个主成分累积贡献率为62.76%,分别代表草产量和绿肥特性。系统聚类可将供试豌豆种质资源分为草产量低、草产量高且绿肥特性好、固氮能力最强三大类群。其中,第Ⅱ大类群的保加利亚豌豆、173、秋复5号豌豆、311、A-65豌豆和A-73豌豆等可作为高寒区适宜种植的豌豆种质资源。

In order to select pea varieties suitable for alpine-cold region with high forage yield and superiority green manure characteristics,we conducted an analysis and evaluation of key flowering traits in 150 domestic and foreign pea germplasm resources using correlation,principal component,and cluster analysis methods.The results revealed that the coefficient of variation for rhizobium nodule count and flower dry weight in the tested pea germplasm resources was relatively high,at 0.65 and 0.41,respectively,followed by leaf dry weight,stem dry weight,and root dry weight.Significant correlations were observed between rhizobium nodule count,stem,leaf,and flower dry weights.Principal component analysis of the main flowering traits identified two principal components that accounted for a cumulative contribution rate of 62.76%,representing forage yield and green manure characteristics,respectively.Systematic clustering divided the tested pea germplasm resources into three major groups:low forage yield,high forage yield and good green manure features,and the highest nitrogen-fixing ability.Among these,the second major group,which includes Bulgaria pea,173,Qiufu No.5,311,A-65 and A-73,can be considered suitable pea germplasm resources for cultivation in high candidate pea germplasm resources for planting in alpinecold regions.