导学关系类型与导师指导行为对研究生压力感知的影响研究

A Study of the Influence of Supervisor-Postgraduate Relationship Styles and Supervisors’Guidance on Postgraduates’Perceived Stress

随着研究生教育规模的不断扩大,研究生受压力困扰的现实问题逐渐显性化。调查分析发现,不同导学关系类型中的研究生感知的压力程度不同,良师益友型导学关系的研究生压力程度显著更低。从导师指导行为来看,增加导师的日常联系频率能够降低研究生感知的压力程度;导师的专业学术水平则可能增加研究生感知的压力程度,主要表现为对博士生群体就业压力感知的影响;加强导师的社会关系支持可以降低博士生感知的压力程度,尤其是缓解其科研方面的压力。据此提出关注研究生压力状况并完善心理服务机制、倡导良师益友型导学关系、发挥导师全方位育人作用等建议。

With the continuous expansion of postgraduate education,the practical problem of postgraduates being troubled by stress has gradually become explicit.This study finds that the levels of stress perceived by postgraduates are different with different types of supervisor-postgraduate relationships,and the stress level is significantly lower when they are in a harmonious relationship.From the perspective of supervisors'guidance behavior,more contacts in frequency offered by supervisors can significantly reduce the stress level perceived by postgraduates;the professional and academic level of supervisors may increase the stress level,which is mainly reflected in the influence on the job-hunting pressure perceived by doctoral students.The increased support from social relations of supervisors can also significantly reduce the stress level,especially alleviating the stress on doctoral students in sci-tech research.Based on these findings,this study suggests that we should pay more attention to the situation in which postgraduates are under stress and improve the psychological service mechanism for them.Meanwhile,we should further promote the harmonious supervisor-postgraduate relationship,and give full play to the role of supervisors in education across the board.