知识产权强国建设背景下知识产权质押融资制度完善策略探析

Analysis on the Perfect Strategy of Intellectual Property Pledge Financing System Under the Background of Intellectual Property Power Building

针对知识产权质押融资运行的法律机制和功能定位尚未得到充分探讨的现状,基于对相关政策环境和发展历程的梳理分析,从知识产权法、民法和金融法三大维度对我国知识产权质押融资进行法理分析,认为我国知识产权质押融资发源于权利质押,其发展可以划分为基础构建、系统发展、深化改革三大阶段,其中基础构建阶段形成了知识产权质押融资所需的基础法律依据,系统发展阶段大范围地开展知识产权质押融资的示范试点,知识产权质押融资的重点工作内容在深化改革阶段得到进一步细化;但当前我国知识产权质押工作仍存在融资估值难、财产变现难、融资风险高等问题。通过比较分析国外3种典型的知识产权质押融资模式,认为应明确我国知识产权质押融资的功能定位是促进社会科技创新、降低科技型企业资金融通难题并保证全程风险可控的创新机制。由此提出未来应努力通过开拓资金来源渠道、完善基础设施建设、加强知识产权法律保障、强化风险管控等途径,促进和优化我国知识产权质押融资事业的发展及其治理工作。

In response to the current situation where the legal mechanism and functional positioning of intellectual property pledge financing have not been fully explored,based on a comprehensive analysis of the relevant policy environment and development process,this paper conducts a legal analysis of intellectual property pledge financing in China from three dimensions:intellectual property law,civil law,and financial law.It is believed that the financing of intellectual property pledge in China originated from the pledge of rights,and its development can be divided into three major stages:basic construction,systematic development,and deepening reform.The basic legal basis for intellectual property pledge financing has been formed in the basic construction stage,and demonstration pilot projects for intellectual property pledge financing have been carried out on a large scale in the system development stage,and the key work content of intellectual property pledge financing has been further refined in the deepening reform stage.However,there are still difficulties in financing valuation,property realization,and high financing risks in the current intellectual property pledge work in China.By comparing and analyzing three typical intellectual property pledge financing models in foreign countries,it is believed that the functional positioning of intellectual property pledge financing in China should be clearly defined as an innovative mechanism that promotes social technological innovation,reduces difficulties in financing technology enterprises,and ensures controllable risks throughout the entire process.Therefore,it proposes that in the future,efforts should be made to promote and optimize the development and governance of China's intellectual property pledge financing industry through channels such as expanding funding sources,improving infrastructure construction,strengthening intellectual property legal protection,and strengthening risk control.