某区中小学生裸眼视力及屈光发育状态分析

Analysis of Uncorrected Visual Acuity and Refractive Development Status of Primary and Middle School Students in a District

目的研究与分析某区中小学生裸眼视力及屈光发育状态,对该区中小学生眼病预防、治疗提供参考依据。方法采取描述性流行病学方式对上海市松江区方松街道社区卫生服务中心2020年5月—2022年12月纳入的6~16岁20821例中小学生的裸眼视力水平、屈光发育情况进行回顾性分析。结果与男生裸眼视力异常发生率相比,6岁、8岁、14岁女生裸眼视力异常发生率更低,9岁、10岁、11岁、12岁、13岁、16岁女生裸眼视力异常发生率更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。7岁男生、女生裸眼视力异常率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各个年龄阶段的左眼等效球镜(spherical&equivalent,SE)值均高于右眼SE值,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论某区中小学生裸眼视力、屈光状态均不太乐观。屈光状态主要以近视为主,并且右眼近视明显高于左眼。需持续开展中小学生眼保健操等健康知识宣传教育,定时定期开展裸眼视力、屈光状态等检查工作,有效预防,及时干预。

Objective To study and analyze the uncorrected visual acuity and refractive development status of primary and middle school students in a certain area,and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of eye diseases in the primary and middle school students in this area.Methods The naked eye visual acuity level and refractive development of 20821 primary and middle school students aged 6-16 years old who were enrolled in Fangsong Community Health Service Center of Songjiang District of Shanghai from May 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.Results Compared with boys,the incidence of abnormal visual acuity in naked eye was lower in girls at 6,8 and 14 years old,and higher in girls at 9,10,11,12,13 and 16 years old,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the abnormal rates of naked eye vision between 7-year-old boys and girls(P>0.05).The(spherical&equivalent,SE)value of the left eye was higher than that of the right eye at all ages,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The naked eye visual acuity and refractive status of primary and secondary school students in a certain district are not very impressive.Myopia was the main refractive state,and the myopia of the right eye was significantly higher than that of the left eye.In this regard,it is necessary to continue to carry out the publicity and education of health knowledge such as eye health exercises for primary and secondary school students,and regularly carry out examinations of naked eye vision and refractive status,so as to effectively prevent and intervene in time.