考虑速度与能量消耗的电动车辆路径规划

Electric Vehicle Route Planning Considering Speed Optimization and Energy Consumption

针对电动车辆路径规划问题,考虑速度优化与能耗的带时间窗的电动车辆路径规划研究,通过引入考虑行驶速度与载重的非线性消耗模型,建立以车辆使用费用、能量消耗费用、行驶距离费用之和最小化为目标函数,以行驶速度为决策变量的综合数学模型。设计一种两阶段启发式算法来解决该问题;首先通过改进的模拟退火算法来优化全局速度以及寻找最优路径,其次通过遗传算法来优化最优路径中各弧段速度,得到最优总成本。结果表明:所提出算法能够有效地解决该问题;对弧段速度进行优化相较于全局速度能够明显减少能量消耗,更加合理使用电量。

For the electric vehicle route planning problem,the research on the path planning of electric vehicles with time window considering speed optimization and energy consumption's established by introducing a nonlinear consumption model considering driving speed and load,and a comprehensive mathematical model with vehicle usage cost,electricity consumption cost and driving distance cost minimization as the target function and driving speed as the decision variable is established.A two-stage heuristic algorithm is proposed to solve this problem;in the first place,the global speed and find the optimal path are optimized by an improved simulated annealing algorithm,and the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the velocity of each arc segment in the optimal path to obtain the optimal total cost.The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively solve the problem,and the optimization of the arc speed can significantly reduce the energy consumption and make more reasonable use of electricity compared with the global speed.