外转子式电磁缓速器设计与实验

Design and Test of an Electromagnetic Retarder With External Rotor

针对商用汽车用缓速器的结构简单、重量轻、制动性能好的要求,提出了一种外转子式电磁缓速器结构。详细介绍了该缓速器结构和工作原理,利用等效磁路法对电磁场模型进行计算,运用有限元法分别对缓速器制动特性和空载特性进行分析,获取制动力矩的影响因素和缓速器的结构参数,控制系统采用模糊控制方法,以飞思卡尔单片机为核心的智能控制单元,实现对缓速器励磁电流的无极调节。设计并制作了1500 N·m缓速器样机并进行台架试验,实验结果表明该缓速器满足商用汽车的制动需求,在转速为1500 r/min时制动力矩可达1560 N·m。

Aiming at the requirements of simple structure,light weight and good braking performance of the retarder used in commercial vehicles,an external rotor type electromagnetic retarder structure is proposed.The structure and working principle of the retarder are introduced.The electromagnetic field model is developed using the equivalent magnetic circuit method.The braking characteristics and no-load characteristics are analyzed using the finite element method.The influencing factors of the braking torque and the structural parameters of the retarder are obtained.The control system uses the intelligent control unit with Freescale single chip microcomputer as the core to realize the continuous control of the excitation current using Fuzzy control method.A prototype of 1500 Nm(maximum braking torque)retarder is developed,and the bench test is carried out.The experimental results show that the retarder meets the braking requirements of commercial vehicles,and the braking torque can reach 1560 Nm when the speed is 1500 r/min.