大型矿车能量回收变换器设计及其优化控制

Design and Optimal Control of Energy Recovery Converter for Large Tramcar

研究了一种应用在大型矿车上进行制动能量回收的双向DC/DC变换器及其优化控制方法。首先,就大型矿车实际运行条件下锂电池储能系统的节油率进行理论计算,对采用的双向DC/DC变换器拓扑结构和工作原理进行论述,针对大型矿车中蓄电池两种工作模式,设计该双向DC/DC变换器的控制策略,并针对LC滤波电路在滤去高次谐波的同时也会产生谐振从而导致系统稳定性降低的问题,引入虚拟电阻反馈法,增强系统阻尼性,并对脉宽调制(PWM)输出信号采用最小脉宽累加技术,抑制绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)开通关断时的电压尖峰和减少变换器元器件电压冲击和损耗,使系统稳定性大大提升,最后进行了仿真及调试与控制实验。

A bi-directional DC/DC converter applied to braking energy recovery of large tramcar and its optimal control method are studied.First of all,the fuel saving rate of lithium battery energy storage system is theoretically calculated under the actual operation condition of large tramcar,the topology and working principle of the bi-directional DC/DC converter are discussed,and the control strategy of the bi-directional DC/DC converter is designed for the two working modes of the battery in the large tramcar.In view of the problem that the LC filter circuit will generate resonance while filtering out high-order harmonics,which will lead to the reduction of system stability,the virtual resistance feedback method is introduced to enhance the system damping,and the minimum pulse width accumulation technology is used for pulse width modulation(PWM)output signals to suppress the voltage spike when the insulator gate bipolar insulator(IGBT)is turned on and off,reduce the voltage impact and loss of converter components,so that the system stability is greatly improved.Finally,simulation and debugging and control experiments are conducted.