饵剂施药的不同时段、距离及时长对红火蚁工蚁的诱集作用及觅食量研究

Study on attractive effect and foraging amount of Solenopsis invicta Buren workers treated by baits under different application timing,distance and duration

饵剂诱杀法是防治红火蚁(Solenopsis invicta Buren)的主要方法之一。饵剂的施用方法及红火蚁对饵剂觅食量直接影响其防治效果。本研究以质量为1 g的0.08%茚虫威毒饵为药剂,于春、夏季观察了一天中不同时段、不同施药距离及药后时间条件下红火蚁的觅食量及诱集工蚁数量。结果表明,一天中8∶00—9∶00及17∶00—18∶00时段诱集到的红火蚁工蚁数及其觅食量均高于11∶00—12∶00及14∶00—15∶00时段;春季17∶00—18∶00觅食量最大(0.428 g),诱集到的工蚁数最多(60.0头),夏季8∶00—9∶00觅食量最大(0.976 g),诱集到的工蚁数最多(112.3头)。施药后40 min诱集到工蚁数最多(87.8头),120 min时觅食量最多(0.938 g)。在距离蚁巢800 cm处仍有红火蚁工蚁活动及觅食;除400 cm及800 cm外,气温为30.5℃及35.5℃时距蚁巢0~800 cm范围内红火蚁的觅食量均高于26℃条件,35.5℃时距离蚁巢0~300 cm觅食量在0.909 g以上,其中100 cm处觅食量最高(0.977 g)。上述研究结果可为优化红火蚁施药技术提供基础数据支撑,实现红火蚁的高效防治。

Bait trapping is one of the main methods to control Solenopsis invicta Buren.The bait appli-cation mode and foraging amount affect the control effect of the pest.In this study,we set 1 g 0.08%in-doxacarb toxic bait in each spot,to observe the foraging amount and the number of workers attracted at different time periods of a day,different application distances and different post-application time respectively in spring and summer.The result showed that the number of workers and foraging amount of Solenopsis invicta were higher in 8∶00-9∶00 and 17∶00-18∶00 than in 11∶00-12∶00 and 14∶00-15∶00.The largest foraging amount(0.428 g)and the largest number of worker ants(60.0)were found during 17∶00-18∶00 in spring;the largest foraging amount(0.976 g)and the largest number of worker ants(112.3)were found during 8∶00-9∶00 in summer.The peak of worker ants attracted was at 40 min after application(87.8),and the peak foraging amount was at 120 min(0.938 g).There were still workers found foraging and ac-tive at the distance of 800 cm from the nest.Except 400 cm and 800 cm,the total foraging amount of ants within 0-800 cm range.At 26℃was less than at 30.5℃and 35.5℃and at 35.5℃,the foraging amount of Solenopsis invicta within 0-300 cm range was 0.909 g or more,the highest foraging amount was found at 100 cm(0.977 g).The study provided basic data for optimizing the efficiency of the appli-cation technology of red imported fire ant control.