修辞生态:西方修辞研究的“生态转向”

Rhetorical Ecology:The"Ecological Turn"of Western Rhetoric Research

“修辞生态”是近年来修辞学界提出的新概念,它的出现反映出当代西方修辞学研究的一种“生态转向”。本文尝试对这一新概念进行梳辨,探索其源起、特征以及所引发的争议。修辞生态思想源于写作研究,成型于对修辞情境理论的反思,以强调修辞生产过程中的流通性、网络性、复杂性以及后人文性为显著特征。相较于“修辞情境”中对单一场景内元素的静态分析,“修辞生态”主要强调修辞产生、传播以及接受过程中的动态性、多元性以及主体间性。“修辞生态”已逐步发展为一个涉及修辞学、传播学、社会学、人类学等领域的跨学科概念。然而,学界对修辞生态的理论内涵与阐释力仍存有一定的争议,诸如“修辞生态”时空与历史特性的界定以及“人”在修辞生态的建构与转变中的作用等问题仍有待进一步探索。修辞生态这一概念的创新性与跨学科性可为修辞学、传播学、话语研究等领域注入新的发展动力,值得关注。

Rhetorical ecology is a new concept put forward by the rhetorical circle in recent years,and its emergence highlights the"ecological turn"in contemporary western rhetorical research.This study aims to offer a detailed introduction of rhetorical ecology by exploring its origins,characteristics,as well as the controversies that revolve around this new concept.Rhetorical ecology originated from writing studies,formed from reflections of the theory of rhetorical situation,and is characterized by emphasizing the circulation,network,complexity and post humanism in the process of rhetorical production.Compared with the static analyses of elements in a single scene in rhetorical situation,the concept of"rhetorical ecology"focuses more on dynamism,pluralism,and inter-subjectivity in the process of production,communication,and acceptance of rhetoric.Rhetorical ecology has gradually developed into an interdisciplinary concept involving the studies of rhetoric,communication,sociology,anthropology,and the like.However,there are still some controversies on the theoretical connotation and explanatory power of rhetoric ecology in academic circles,such as the definition of the spatiotemporal and historical characteristics of"rhetoric ecology"and the role of"human"in the construction and transformation of rhetoric ecology.The innovative and interdisciplinary nature of the concept of rhetoric ecology can inject new development impetus into the fields of rhetoric,communication,discourse research and so on,and is thus worthy of attention.