2019-2022年攀枝花市外环境禽流感病毒监测分析

Analysis of avian influenza virus surveillance in external environment in Panzhihua City from 2019 to 2022

目的 了解攀枝花市外环境中禽流感病毒分布情况,为人感染禽流感防控提供科学依据。方法 收集2019-2022年攀枝花市活禽市场、规模养殖户等外环境样本,采用(RT-PCR)法进行禽流感病毒核酸检测,分析禽流感病毒在不同时间、地区、场所和标本中的分布情况。结果 采集外环境标本576份,禽流感甲型病毒核酸阳性192份,阳性率为33.3%,亚型中以H9占比最高(54.69%)。第4季度阳性率高于其他3个季度;盐边县(41.7%)、东区(40.8%)外环境阳性率高于其他3个县区;屠宰加工厂阳性检出率最高,为53.9%;清洗禽类的污水阳性率最高,为57.38%。结论 攀枝花市涉禽外环境中普遍存在禽流感病毒污染,H9亚型为主要病原体,存在人感染禽流感的风险,应加强重点季节、重点地区、重点场所、重点环节的禽流感防控工作。

Objective To understand the distribution of avian influenza virus in external environment in Panzhihua,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of human infection with this influenza.Methods Environmental samples were collected from live poultry markets,large-scale farmers and other places in Panzhihua from 2019 to 2022.Real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR method was used to detect the nucleic acid of avian influenza viruses,avian influenza virus in different time and area,location,distribution of specimens were analyzed.Results Among 576 samples collected from external environment,192 were positive for avian influenza A virus nucleic acid,the positive rate was 33.3%,and among subtypes,H9 accounted for the highest proportion(54.69%).The positive rate in the fourth quarter was higher than the other three quarters.The positive rate of external environment in Yanbian County(41.7%)and East District(40.8%)was higher than that in the other three counties.The positive detection rate of slaughtering plant was 53.9%,the highest one.The highest positive rate of different types of samples(57.38%)was the washing of poultry sewage.Conclusions Avian influenza virus contamination is widespread in the external environment of Panzhihua,H9 subtype is the main pathogen,there is a risk of human infection with avian influenza,it iss necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of avian influenza in key seasons,key areas,key places and key links.