2002—2022年平塘县艾滋病流行现状分析

Analysis on the epidemic situation of AIDS in Pingtang County from 2002 to 2022

目的分析平塘县2002—2022年艾滋病流行状况,为有效控制艾滋病传播、科学制定防治措施提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统艾滋病监测报告管理平台导出现平塘县2002—2022年报告的HIV/AIDS病例,采用Excel 2013、SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2002—2022年平塘县累计报告HIV/AIDS患者551例,年平均感染率8.1/10万,感染率总体呈逐年上升趋势(Х^(2)_(趋势)=18.27,P<0.001)。青壮年感染率58.1%,男、女性别比为1.78∶1,传播途径以异性传播为主(80.2%),从职业分布来看,艾滋病传播已从高危人群扩散到一般人群。结论平塘县艾滋病疫情发展迅速且十分严峻,应重点加强对文化程度较低的农民工艾滋病防治知识的宣传教育,将老年人列入艾滋病防控重点人群,扩大检测覆盖面,扩大性行为安全套的使用范围和使用率。

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of AIDS in Pingtang County from 2002 to 2022,so as to provide basis for effective control of the spread of AIDS and scientific formulation of prevention and control measures.Methods The HIV/AIDS cases reported in Pingtang County from 2002 to 2022 were obtained from the AIDS surveillance report management platform of the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System.Excel 2013 and SPSS 19.0 softwares were used for statistical analysis.The comparison of the rates was conducted byχ^(2)tests,and the difference P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results From 2002 to 2022,a total of 551 HIV/AIDS patients were reported in Pingtang County,with an average annual infection rate of 8.1/105.The overall infection rate showed an increasing trend year by year(χ^(2)_(trend)=18.27,P<0.001).The infection rate of young adults was 58.1%,and the ratio of male to female was 1.78∶1.The transmission route was dominated by heterosexual transmission(80.2%).From the perspective of occupational distribution,the transmission of AIDS had spread from high-risk groups to the general population.Conclusions The AIDS epidemic in Pingtang County has developed rapidly and it is very serious.We should focus on strengthening the publicity and education for prevention and control knowledge of AIDS for migrant workers with low educational level,the elderly should be included in the key population of AIDS prevention and control,expand the coverage of testing,and expand the use range and usage of condoms.