基于主客体互倚模型的产妇及配偶二元应对与育儿胜任感的关系研究

Dyadic coping and parenting competence among postpartum couples:an actor-partner interdependence model

目的探讨产褥期产妇及配偶的二元应对与育儿胜任感的主客体效应,为制定针对性的护理干预提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,选取产后42 d复查的274对产妇及其配偶,运用一般资料调查表、二元应对量表、育儿胜任感量表进行调查,构建产妇及其配偶的二元应对与育儿胜任感的主客体互倚模型。结果产妇与配偶的二元应对总分分别为(128.96±16.23)分、(129.62±15.56)分;育儿胜任感总分分别为(72.32±9.59)分、(73.15±8.22)分。产妇及配偶的二元应对均能正向影响自身的育儿胜任感(β=0.314、0.299,均P<0.05),即主体效应显著;产妇及配偶的二元应对均可正向影响对方的育儿胜任感(β=0.240、0.325,均P<0.05),即客体效应显著。结论产妇及配偶的育儿胜任感、二元应对均处于中等水平,育儿胜任感受自身和对方二元应对的交互影响。为提升产后积极育儿体验,医护人员可将产妇配偶纳入进来,制定以夫妻为中心的共同育儿干预方案。

Objective To explore the actor-partner effects of dyadic coping on parenting competence among postpartum couples,and to provide reference for targeted intervention.Methods Using convenience sampling method,a total of 274 couples were recruited when they attended a follow-up visit at 42 days postpartum,and were invited to complete a self-designed general data questionnaire,the Dyadic Coping Inventory and the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale.Based on the actor-partner interdependence model,the relationships between dyadic coping and parenting competence of postpartum women and their partners were analyzed.Results The total scores of dyadic coping for postpartum women and their partners were(128.96±16.23)and(129.62±15.56)points,respectively,while the total scores of parenting competence were(72.32±9.59)and(73.15±8.22)points,respectively.Both women′s and men′s dyadic coping was positively correlated with their own parenting competence(β=0.314 and 0.299,both P<0.05),indicating significant actor effects.The partner effect of dyadic coping on parenting competence of couples was also significant(β=0.240 and 0.325,both P<0.05).Conclusion The parenting competence and dyadic coping of postpartum couples were at moderate levels,and dyadic coping has intra-and interpersonal impact on their own or partner′s parenting competence.To enhance positive parenting experiences after childbirth,healthcare providers should involve both postpartum women and their partners in the development of a couple-centered parenting intervention program.