合成生物学助力链霉菌天然产物农药创制与产业化

The exploitation and bio-manufacture of natural product pesticides from Streptomyces by synthetic biology

病虫草害防控是国家总体安全建设的重要组成部分。微生物天然产物农药是病虫草害绿色防控体系的重要成员,在保障国家粮食安全、生态安全和农产品质量安全,筑牢国家生物安全屏障中具有重要作用。链霉菌以能够产生丰富的次级代谢产物而著称,是天然产物农药的资源宝库,也是重要的天然产物药物的工业生产菌。然而,随着病虫草害抗药性增强,新发、突发病虫草害增多等问题不断涌现,以及天然产物研究面临新骨架、高活性化合物发现难度增大,工业菌株产量提升困难等瓶颈,链霉菌天然产物农药创制与应用正面临巨大挑战。合成生物学作为一门交叉学科,突破了生物学研究的传统模式,为天然产物药物研发提供了新的思路与策略。本文综述了近年来合成生物学在链霉菌研究领域的技术革新,以及合成生物学在推动链霉菌天然产物资源发现、天然产物高效生物制造等方面的研究进展,并对合成生物学助力链霉菌天然产物农药的创制与产业化进行了展望。

Prevention and control of crop diseases,insect pests and weeds is an important part of the national overall security system.Microbial natural product pesticides are essential members of the green control system for diseases,insect pests and weeds,playing an important role in ensuring national food security,ecological security,and agricultural product quality.The soil-dwelling genus Streptomyces is well-known for producing a variety of bioactive natural products(NPs),indicating that Streptomyces can act as a major microbial source of NPs and are important industrial bacteria for NPs.However,development and application of natural product pesticides face huge challenges due to emerging problems,such as increasing diseases,insect pests and weeds resistance,new epidemic outbreaks,and difficulties in discovering new skeletons and highly active compounds,as well as challenges in improving production capacities of industrial strains.Synthetic biology,as an interdisciplinary field,has broken through the traditional paradigm of biological research and provided new ideas and strategies for the development of natural product drugs.This review summarized the technological innovations in synthetic biology in the research field of Streptomyces in recent years,as well as progresses in promoting discovery and efficient bio-manufacturing of NPs.Finally,this review provided prospects for the contribution of synthetic biology to the creation and industrialization of NP pesticides from Streptomyces.