基于生计风险—抵御力耦合视角的四川省乡村地域时空分异研究

Spatial-Temporal Differentiation of Rural Areas in Sichuan Province from the Coupling and Coordination of Risk and Defense in Livelihood Systems

乡村振兴战略背景下,科学识别乡村地域发展的不同类型并探寻不同地区的差异化振兴路径,是推动乡村地区可持续发展的关键。该文从乡村生计系统“风险性—抵御力”二维视角构建乡村发展评价指标体系,并对2000—2020年四川省乡村耦合协调发展时空变化进行分析。研究发现:①研究期内四川省乡村生计环境风险性指数先升后降,自然环境风险是决定生计环境风险的主要因素,各地区风险等级变化不大,川西高原地区最高,川西平原和盆中丘区较低;②生计资本抵御力指数呈持续上升态势,社会资本和金融资本逐步成为决定乡村地区抵御生计风险的关键因素,低水平区域主要集中在川东丘区、甘孜州大部及凉山州乌蒙山区;③生计环境风险性与生计资本抵御力耦合协调水平逐步从“轻度失调、濒临失调”水平转向“初级协调、中级协调”水平。基于四川省乡村地区生计系统风险和抵御力的类型和变化特征,提出推动乡村耦合协调发展的具体路径和分区优化策略。

Under the background of the rural revitalization strategy,it is critical to promoting the sustainable development of rural areas by scientifically identifying different types of rural regional development and exploring differentiated revitalization paths in different regions.This paper constructs a rural development evaluation index system from the perspective of the two-dimensional systems of livelihood risk and livelihood defense,and takes Sichuan Province as an example to analyze the spatial-temporal differentiation of rural coupled coordinated development from 2000 to 2020.The results are shown as follows.①The risk index of rural livelihood environment has increased firstly and then decreased,and the risk level of each region dose not change much.The spatial distribution is divided into three levels,among which the western Sichuan plateau is the highest,and the western Sichuan plain and the basin hill area are the lowest.②The defense index of rural livelihood capital is gradually on the rise.The spatial distribution is divided into two levels,among which the low-level areas are mainly concentrated in eastern Sichuan,most of Ganzi Prefecture and Wumeng mountainous area of Liangshan Prefecture.③The coupling coordination degree of livelihood environmental risk and livelihood capital defense has changed from"mild and near dissonance"level to"primary and intermediate coordination"level.④In general,natural environmental risks are still the main factors determining livelihood risks in rural areas of Sichuan,and social capital and financial capital are gradually becoming key factors in defending against risks.Based on the types and changing characteristics of livelihood risk and livelihood defense in different areas of Sichuan Province,the path selection and zoning optimization strategy to promote coupled coordinated rural development are proposed.