梯度碳纤维复合材料/铝合金复合多胞管斜压失稳研究

Study on the Oblique Compression Instability in Gradient CFRP/Aluminum Alloy Hybrid Multi-Cell Tubes

以碳纤维复合材料(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer/Plastic,CFRP)/铝合金复合多胞吸能管为研究对象,建立基于试验验证的高精度有限元模型,对比分析了CFRP/铝合金复合单胞管与多胞管在多角度斜向压缩工况下的动力学响应,阐明CFRP/铝合金复合多胞管的优缺点,解析CFRP与铝合金的吸能贡献机制。针对CFRP/铝合金多胞管大角度工况下的斜压失稳问题,提出一种基于CFRP梯度缠绕策略的失稳控制方法,明确了以CFRP正向梯度缠绕铝合金复合多胞管为基础构型的解决方案。通过对梯度厚度差值与梯度层数进行参数化研究,建立了高效精准的梯度设计策略,确保CFRP/铝合金复合多胞管在期望角度范围内始终保持稳定高效的变形模式,实现多工况综合耐撞性能的显著提升。研究成果为多材料轻质安全车身结构的耐撞性设计提供理论指导与共性技术支撑。

This paper focused on the carbon fiber reinforced polymer/plastic(CFRP)/aluminum alloy hybrid multi-cell energy absorbing tube and established a high-precision finite element model based on experimental verification.The dynamic responses of CFRP/aluminum alloy composite unit-cell tube and multi-cell tube were compared and analyzed under multi-angle compression conditions.The advantages and disadvantages of CFRP/aluminum alloy hybrid multi-cell tube were introduced,and the energy absorption contribution mechanisms of CFRP and aluminum alloy were analyzed.To address the issue of oblique compression instability in CFRP/aluminum alloy multi-cell tubes under large-angle conditions,a stability control method based on the CFRP gradient winding strategy was proposed,and a solution based on the configuration of CFRP forward gradient-wound aluminum alloy composite multi-cell tubes was defined.By conducting a parametric study on gradient thickness differences and gradient layer number,an efficient and accurate gradient design strategy was developed.This strategy ensures that the CFRP/aluminum alloy hybrid multicell tube maintains a stable and efficient deformation mode within the expected angle range,achieving significant improvement in comprehensive crashworthiness performance under multiple working conditions.The research outcomes provide theoretical guidance and general technical support for the crashworthiness design of lightweight multi-material vehicle body structures.