地铁站台乘客候车区域选择行为分析与建模

Analysis and Modeling of Waiting Area Selection Behavior of Passengers on Metro Platform

在城市轨道交通运营高峰时段,轨道交通站台受大客流冲击,极易出现乘客候车分布不均现象,导致乘客上下车效率低下、秩序混乱等问题。针对乘客进入站台后的候车区域选择行为特性进行分析,从乘客、站台、环境3个方面提出乘客候车区域选择行为影响因素,并对行为影响因素进行重要度排序。基于关键影响因素,构建候车区域吸引力模型,建立基于元胞自动机的站台乘客候车区域选择行为仿真模型。分析客流到达率、乘客到各候车区域距离、各区域乘客聚集度、排队空间影响系数与候车区域利用率的关系。挖掘不同因素影响对站台候车区域利用率的影响机理,以支撑站台候车引导策略的制定和客流的精细化组织。

During the rush hour of urban rail transit operation,due to the impact of large passenger flow on the rail transit platform,it is easy to see the uneven distribution of passengers waiting,which leads to problems such as low efficiency and disorder of passenger boarding and alighting.This paper analyzes the behavioral characteristics of waiting area selection after passengers enter the platform,puts forward the influencing factors of passenger waiting area selection from three aspects:passenger,platform and environment,and sorts out the importance of the influencing factors.Based on the key influencing factors,an attractiveness model of waiting area and a simulation model of platform passenger waiting area selection behavior based on cellular automata are established.It analyzes the relationship between passenger flow arrival rate,distance from passengers to each waiting area,passenger concentration in each area,influence coefficient of queuing space and utilization ratio of waiting areas.The influence mechanism of different factors on the utilization rate of platform waiting area is explored to support the formulation of platform waiting guidance strategy and the refined organization of passenger flow.