马克思革命主体性理论的新阐释——斯塔罗斯塔革命主体性构成性思想探析

A New Interpretation of Marx’s Theory of Revolutionary Subjectivity——An Analysis of Starosta’s Thought on the Constitutive Nature of the Revolutionary Subjectivity

吉多·斯塔罗斯塔立足于《1857-1858年经济学手稿》和《资本论》两个文本,探索马克思革命主体性理论的具体构成性,其理论成果主要包括将革命主体性问题归位于政治经济学批判领域,表明革命主体性只能从资本内在规定的展开过程中产生,阐释了资本主义发展的两个基本矛盾,即直接生产劳动的普遍性和特殊性矛盾,不同形式劳动者生产主体性的扩大和退化之间的矛盾。这些探索有力地回应了西方学者对马克思思想的质疑,重新阐释了马克思革命主体性思想,为当代工人阶级解放理论的深入发展开拓了新途径。

Based on the two texts of“Economic Manuscripts from 1857-1858”and“Capital”,Guido Starosta explored the specific composition of Marx’s theory of revolutionary subjectivity.His theoretical achievements mainly include placing the issue of revolutionary subjectivity in the field of political and economic criticism,indicating that revolutionary subjectivity can only arise from the unfolding process of internal capital regulations,and explaining two basic contradictions in the development of capitalism,the contradiction between the universality and particularity of direct production labor and the expansion and degradation of the production subjectivity of different forms of workers.These explorations have effectively responded to Western scholars’questioning of Marxist thought,reinterpreted Marxist revolutionary subjectivity thought,and opened up new avenues for the in-depth development of contemporary working-class liberation theory.