高速电主轴热特性建模与冷却系统参数优化方法研究

Research on thermal characteristic modeling and cooling system parameter optimization of high-speed motorized spindle

电主轴热变形是影响加工精度的主要因素之一,而热变形主要由电主轴温升引起,其中冷却系统是影响电主轴温升的关键因素。为了优化冷却系统关键技术参数,以某型号高速电主轴为例,建立了考虑主轴不同旋转面换热系数的热特性模型,提高了温度场和热误差的仿真精度,并进行了主轴不同转速的温升与热误差实验,验证了仿真模型的正确性;基于所建立的电主轴热特性仿真模型,利用正交试验法进行了冷却系统参数优化,冷却参数优化后的仿真实验结果表明,电主轴最高温度降低了2.0℃,热变形减小了25.76μm,为电主轴冷却系统优化提供了理论参考。

The thermal deformation of the motorized spindle is one of the main factors affecting machining accuracy,and the thermal deformation is mainly caused by the temperature rise of the motorized spindle.The cooling system is the key factor affecting the temperature rise of the motorized spindle.In order to optimize the key technical parameters of the cooling system,taking a certain type of high-speed motorized spindle as an example,a thermal characteristic modeling is established by considering the heat transfer coefficient of different rotating surfaces of the spindle.The simulation accuracy of temperature field and thermal error is improved.The correctness of the simulation model is verified by the temperature rise and thermal error experiments at different spindle speeds.Based on the established simulation model of the thermal characteristics of the motorized spindle,the cooling system parameters were optimized by using the orthogonal test.After optimizing the cooling parameters,the simulation experiment results show that the maximum temperature of the motorized spindle is reduced by 2.0℃,and the thermal deformation is reduced by 25.76μm,which provides a theoretical reference for optimizing the cooling system of the motorized spindle.