抗战后期日军战略调整与中共的应对

The Japanese Army’s Strategic Adjustment and the CPC’s Response During the Later Period of the Anti-Japanese War

抗战后期日军进行战略调整,造成在华兵力结构的较大变化。自1943年夏开始从中国战场抽调大量精锐部队到太平洋战场,1944年又抽调大批主力部队参加一号作战。这种调整和变化,为中共的发展留出了“空隙”,提供了更多的政治空间和军事机遇。中共准确把握机遇,进行全盘的战略布局,利用“空隙”发起反攻作战,恢复并发展自身实力,摆脱了自抗战开始后被日军和国民党压制的困境。抗战后期中共力量的发展壮大是中共凭借自身努力坚持抗战的结果,同时与国际反法西斯战争大背景下日军战略调整所产生的外部环境密切相关。

During the later stages of the Anti-Japanese War,the Japanese army made strategic adjustments that resulted in significant changes in the structure of their forces in China.Starting from the summer of 1943,a large number of elite troops were transferred from the China theater to the Pacific theater,and in 1944,a large number of main forces were transferred to participate in Operation Ichigo.These adjustments and changes left a“gap”in CPC development,providing more political space and military opportunities.The CPC accurately seized these opportunities,carried out comprehensive strategic planning,utilized the“gap”to initiate counter-offensive operations,restored and developed its own strength,and extricated itself from the predicament of being suppressed by the Japanese army and the Kuomintang that had existed since the start of the Anti-Japanese War.The development and strengthening of the CPC’s forces in the later stages of the Anti-Japanese War were the result of the CPC’s own efforts to persist in the war,and they were also closely related to the external environment created by the strategic adjustments of the Japanese army against the background of the international anti-fascist war.