天人之际的审美打开:从《咏鹅》看儿童教育的中国之道

The Aesthetic Opening of the Space between Heaven and Man:On the Chinese Way of Children's Education from “Ode to the Goose”

中国文化背景下的儿童教育呈现出一种独有的审美化成长图景。本文通过对骆宾王《咏鹅》一诗的哲学阐释,探讨中国儿童生命打开的初始方式与儿童教育的独特意蕴,发现儿童因为被自然事物所吸引,萌生对自然事物的爱,进而主动地走向自然事物,更细致入微地经验自然事物,由此而生发出活泼优雅的生命诗意,这是中国儿童成长的基本过程。从切近的自然出发,以身体与自然的相遇而打开一个有声、有形、有色的活泼生动的世界,并由此而孕育置身天地万物之中活泼而开放的个体心灵,这是中国儿童成长的基本结构。儿童与自然的审美相遇,让儿童活泼好动的天性显现为一种与自然相契合的有声有色、多姿多彩、活泼向上的生命情态,由此而呈现出一种先情后理、先整体感知后具体深入的发展态势。个体成人的起点就是儿童与天地自然的审美相遇,让儿童在爱与自由之中审美地走向自然世界,成为我们作为中国人之个体成人与教育的起点与基础形态。

Starting from the well-known poem “Ode to the Goose” by Luo Binwang,this article presents the initial way of opening up Chinese children's lives and the unique meaning of children's education:children are attracted by natural things,develop love for natural things,and actively move towards natural things,experiencing them in more detail,thus giving birth to a lively and elegant poetic life.This is the basic process of Chinese children's growth.Starting from the close nature,opening up a lively and vivid world with sound,tangible,and color through the encounter between the body and nature,and thus nurturing a lively and open individual soul in the midst of all things in heaven and earth,is the basic structure for the growth of Chinese children.The aesthetic encounter between children and nature reveals children's lively and active nature as a vivid,colorful,and lively and upward life modality that aligns with nature,thus presenting a development trend of feeling before reason,overall perception first,and then in concrete depth.The starting point of individual adulthood is the aesthetic encounter between children and nature,allowing children to aesthetically move towards the natural world through love and freedom,becoming the starting point and basic form of our individual adulthood and education as Chinese people.