两种手法小切口在白内障手术治疗中的临床对比研究

Clinical comparative study of two kinds of manual small incision in cataract surgery

目的比较两种手法小切口在白内障患者超声乳化手术中的应用效果。方法回顾性分析2019年6月~2021年6月140例(140眼)在宁德师范学院附属宁德市医院眼科诊断的白内障患者的临床资料。其中,71例(71眼)行巩膜隧道切口超声乳化术治疗为研究组,69例(69眼)行透明角膜切口超声乳化术治疗为对照组。比较两组患者手术时间、视力、眼压、术后的舒适度,术后随访3个月。结果研究组和对照组术后内皮细胞密度有显著差异(P<0.01),术后15天及术后1月视力有显著差异,研究组明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后早期(术后7天、15天、1月)比较结膜充血水肿程度,研究组均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后早期(术后7天、15天)比较异物感程度,研究组均低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组手术时间、术后眼压及前房闪辉程度无显著差异。结论与透明角膜切口相比,采用巩膜隧道切口超声乳化术治疗可促进白内障患者视力恢复,降低术后并发症发生率及提高术后舒适度。

Objective To compare the effect of two kinds of manual small incision in phacoe⁃mulsification of cataract patients.Methods Clinical data of 140 cataract patients(140 eyes)diagnosed in the ophthalmology department of Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal U⁃niversity from June 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,71 cases(71 eyes)were treated with phacoemulsification through scleral tunnel incision as the study group,and 69 cases(69 eyes)were treated with phacoemulsification through transparent cor⁃neal incision as the control group.The operation time,visual acuity,intraocular pressure and postoperative comfort of the two groups were observed and statistically analyzed.The patients were followed up for 3 months.Results There was a significant difference in endothelial cell density between the study group and the control group after surgery(P<0.01).There was a significant difference in visual acuity 15 days and 1 month after surgery and the study group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).In the early postoperative period(7 days,15 days,and 1 month),the degree of conjunctival congestion and edema was significant⁃ly lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The degree of foreign body sensation in the early postoperative period(7 days,15 days)was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in sur⁃gical time,postoperative intraocular pressure,and anterior chamber flicker between the study group and the control group.Conclusion Compared with transparent corneal incision,phaco⁃emulsification with scleral tunnel incision can promote the recovery of vision,reduce the inci⁃dence of postoperative complications and improve postoperative comfort.