生酮饮食在肿瘤治疗中的研究

Research on the role of ketogenic diet in cancer treatment

生酮饮食可以通过限制肿瘤细胞糖酵解获取能量来抑制肿瘤生长,其作为一种新兴的肿瘤治疗方法,近年来引起大众越来越多的关注。本文将分析临床前研究揭示的生酮饮食对肿瘤代谢的多个影响机制,包括限制肿瘤细胞对葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺的摄取,调节PI3K/Akt/m TOR信号通路,降低缺氧反应关键蛋白表达,激活腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶,抑制炎症反应,诱导氧化应激和表观遗传学调控。本文还探讨了生酮饮食治疗肿瘤的可行性和安全性,以及其在脑肿瘤、乳腺癌、肺癌、消化系统肿瘤等不同类型肿瘤治疗中的临床研究结果。生酮饮食不仅可以直接影响肿瘤的发展并增敏肿瘤常规系统治疗的效果,还可以改善患者整体健康状况。然而,生酮饮食在实际应用中仍然面临一些限制和挑战,例如肿瘤的异质性对疗效的影响,患者依从性不佳和生酮饮食可能出现的营养不良。这些研究结果为肿瘤患者提供了新的治疗选择。

The ketogenic diet has gained increasing attention as a promising tumor treatment in recent years, as it can inhibit tumor growth by limiting energy acquisition through tumor cell glycolysis. In this paper, we analyze several mechanisms of the effects of ketogenic diet on tumor metabolism revealed by preclinical studies, including limiting the uptake of glucose and glutamine by tumor cells, regulation of PI3K/Akt/m TOR signaling pathway, reduction of hypoxia-responsive key protein expression, activation of adenylate-activated protein kinase, inhibition of inflammatory response, induction of oxidative stress, and epigenetic regulation.Furthermore, we discuss the feasibility and safety of the ketogenic diet for tumor treatment, along with clinical findings in the treatment of different tumor types such as brain tumors, breast cancer, lung cancer, and digestive system tumor. The ketogenic diet can not only directly influence tumor progression and sensitize the effect of conventional systemic therapy for tumors, but also improve the overall health status of patients. However, the ketogenic diet still faces challenges and limitations in practice. These include the impact of tumor heterogeneity on efficacy, poor patient compliance, and the potential risk of malnutrition associated with the diet. These research will result provide new treatment options for tumor patients.