包含系统因素的磁通门经纬仪比测模型的建立

Establishment of the comparison model of fluxgate theodolite with systematic factors

通过分析和引入多种系统因素变量,依据磁通门经纬仪测量原理及有关数学方法,建立基于近零法和指零法的磁通门经纬仪的仪器差比测模型,并基于该模型采用GUM方法,对实际数据进行不确定度评定实验,结果表明:该模型具有实用性,可替代我国地磁台网比测使用的传统模型。同时,借助本模型的分析,认为可通过以下方法减小测量不确定度:测量次数N应控制在最佳范围内;应科学合理地架设相对记录仪器,使其达到Z轴最佳垂直度和最佳定向状态,并选择日变化最小时段进行测量;掌握仪器修正系数的长期变化特性,提高标定次数和质量;测量时段保持环境温度恒定。

According to the measurement principle of the fluxgate theodolite and the relevant mathematical methods,the instrument difference comparison model of the fluxgate theodolite based on the near zero method and the zero pointing method was established by analyzing and introducing a variety of systematic factor variables,and based on this model,the GUM method was used to evaluate the uncertainty of the actual data.The results show that the model is practical and can replace the traditional comparison model of geomagnetic networks in China.Meanwhile,with the help of this model,the measurement uncertainty can be reduced by the following methods:The number of measurements N should be controlled within the optimal range;the relative recording instrument should be erected scientifically and reasonably to achieve the best verticality and orientation of Z-axis,and the period with the minimum daily change should be selected for measurement;grasp the long-term change characteristics of the instrument correction coefficient and improve the calibration times and quality;and keep the ambient temperature constant during the measurement.