车辆变速器弯扭振动特性分析

Analysis of Bending and Torsional Vibration Characteristics ofAutomobile Transmissions

为研究车辆变速器弯扭振动特性,以某车辆变速器为研究对象,根据振动弯曲理论,建立变速器齿轮轴系弯扭振动数学模型;将不规则的变速器侧面箱体简化为质量均匀的薄板,基于薄板理论推导考虑传动轴系弯扭振动激励下的箱体振动方程;对传动轴弹性化处理后进行模态分析得到其振型函数,采用数值方法求解齿轮轴系和箱体的振动响应;分析箱体和齿轮轴系振动特性,并设计台架试验进行验证。结果表明:测点试验结果与计算结果的均方根值最大误差为32%,且振动趋势一致。研究结果可为探明车辆变速器弯扭振动传递机理与变速器动态可靠性研究提供理论基础。

The coupled characteristics of bending and torsional vibration of automobile transmissions are studied.Based on the theory of bending vibration,the mathematical model of the gear shaft system of an automobile transmission is established.The irregular side of transmission box is simplified as a thin plate with uniform mass.Based on the thin plate theory,the box vibration equation considering the bending and torsional vibration excitation of the transmission shaft system is derived.After the elastic treatment of the transmission shaft,the modal analysis is carried out to obtain the modal function,and the vibration response of the gear shaft system and the box is numerically solved.The vibration characteristics of housing and gear shafting are analyzed,and the bench test is designed and performed to verify the calculation model.The results show that the maximum error of the root mean square value between the test results and the calculation results is 32%,and the vibration trend is basically the same.The research results provide a theoretical basis for exploring the transmission mechanism and dynamic reliability of vehicle transmissions.