基于等效辐射声功率和形貌优化的车身结构噪声控制

Control of Body Structure Noise of Vehicles Based on EquivalentSound Radiation Power and Topography Optimization

以某车型白车身为研究对象,首先建立白车身结构有限元模型并验证其有效性;随后通过对模型进行等效辐射声功率分析,得到白车身关键板件对车内的辐射噪声水平,并识别贡献量较大的结构位置;再根据分析结果构建白车身形貌优化模型并进行计算求解;最后将优化前后白车身等效辐射声功率进行对比,优化后辐射噪声在分析频段内整体降低,且最大响应峰值降低3.8dB。研究结果表明,在汽车白车身设计阶段,基于等效辐射声功率分析和形貌优化设计可以有效地抑制结构的辐射噪声。该方法和思路可为工程领域相关的结构噪声分析和控制提供参考。

A vehicle body in white(BIW)is taken as the research object.Firstly,the finite element model of BIW structure is established and its effectiveness is verified.Then,based on the equivalent radiated power(ERP)analysis of the model,the level of the radiated noise from the key panels of the BIW to the inside of the vehicle is obtained,and the structure position with large noise contribution is identified.Subsequently,according to the analysis results,the topography optimization model of BIW is constructed and solved.Finally,the results of ERP of BIW before and after the optimization are compared.The results indicate that after the optimization,the radiated noise is reduced in the overall analysis frequency range,and the maximum response peak is reduced by 3.8 dB.The structure radiation noise can be effectively suppressed on the basis of the analysis of ERP and topography optimization design in the design stage of vehicle BIW.This method and idea may provide a reference for structural noise analysis and control in vehicle engineering.