新型颗粒阻尼惯容减振器设计及其减振性能分析

Design and Performance Analysis of a New Inertial CapacityDamper with Particle Damping

颗粒阻尼器利用颗粒与颗粒或者颗粒与容器之间的碰撞与摩擦消耗振动能量,具有优良的振动控制性能。惯容减振技术可加剧阻尼元件的耗能,具有耗能增效的作用。结合颗粒阻尼减振技术和惯容减振技术,设计一种新型颗粒阻尼惯容减振器;采用离散元软件与多体动力学软件进行联合仿真,在仿真模型基础上研究颗粒材料类型、粒径、数目、初始位移量、激振频率参数变化对减振特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:颗粒阻尼惯容减振器的减振效果随着颗粒填充率增大先增强后减弱,随着颗粒粒径减小增强;所选材料中,钢材颗粒的减振性能优于其他材料;控制其他条件相同时,振动位移越大,减振效果越好;该减振器对于不同的振动频率都具有一定减振效果,但在中高频率范围内及自振频率附近减振效果更佳。该模型仿真结果可为结构抗震及抗风设计提供参考。

Particle dampers consume vibration energy by the collision and friction among particles or between particles and containers,which have excellent vibration control effects.Inertial capacity vibration reduction technique can increase the energy consumption of damping components and has high vibration reduction efficiency.In this paper,combining the particle damping technique with the inertial capacity vibration reduction technique,a new type particle damping shock absorber is proposed and designed.The discrete element software and multi-body dynamics software are used to establish the model of the absorber and carry out the simulation.On this basis,the influences of the particle material sort,size,number,initial displacement and vibration frequency parameter change on the vibration damping characteristics of the absorber are analyzed.The results show that the vibration reduction effect of the particle damper increases first and then decreases with the increase of particle filling rate,and increases with the decrease of particle size.Among the selected materials,the damping performance of steel particles is better than the other materials.When other conditions are the same,the larger the vibration displacement is,the better the damping effect is.The shock absorber has more or less damping effect for all vibration frequencies,but in the middle and high-frequency range and near the natural frequency,the damping effect is better.The simulation results of this model can provide a reference for the seismic and wind resistance design of structures.