不同小麦品种(系)拔节期耐渍性评价

Evaluation on Waterlogging Resistance of Different Wheat Varieties(Lines)at Jointing Stage

为评价拔节期不同小麦耐渍性,以34份品种(系)为试验材料,设置渍水和常规栽培2个处理,测量产量、千粒重和粒径等相关指标,通过相关分析、因子分析和综合得分等对耐渍性进行综合评价。结果显示,渍水14d时产量、千粒重和粒径显著下降,粒径与千粒重显著相关,千粒重和粒径的降低是产量下降的主要原因之一;耐胁迫指数(STI)、生产力几何平均值(GMP)、平均生产力(MP)、调和平均数(HM)、平均相对生产力(MRP)、相对生产力(RP)与正常条件下均产(Yp)、胁迫条件下均产(Ys)显著正相关,适于筛选渍水胁迫和正常环境下的高产潜力品种;胁迫敏感指数(SSI)、耐湿指数(WTI)、抗逆性(TOL)与Ys呈显著负相关,适于筛选渍水胁迫环境下的高产潜力品种;因子1主要解释了GMP、HM、MP、WTI和RP,反映产量特性,因子2主要解释了SSI、TOL和STI,反映耐渍特性;GMP、HM、MP、STI、WTI和RP被提取的比例均在0.85以上,被解释程度高,适于品种(系)耐渍性的初步筛选。通过因子综合得分和耐胁迫得分(STS)发现,国豪麦6号、扬15-133、扬16-157、扬麦20、华麦1064、鄂麦166、华麦1061、安农170、宁麦9号、华麦1063和皖科125的综合得分和STS值均高于耐渍对照扬麦25,可见综合得分0.30以上或STS值4.00以上的为耐渍品种(系)。因此,由GMP、HM、MP、STI、WTI和RP获得的综合得分和STS值可作为筛选耐渍种质资源的指标。

In order to evaluate the tolerance to waterlogging of wheat at jointing stage,34 varieties(lines)were used as experimental materials,two treatments of waterlogging and conventional cultivation were set,the yield,1000-grain weight and grain diameter were measured,and the comprehensive evaluation of the materialsʼresistance was carried out by correlation analysis,factor analysis and comprehensive score.The results showed that waterlogging for 14 days resulted in a significant decrease in yield,1000-grain weight and grain diameter.The grain diameter was significantly correlated with 1000-grain weight,and the decrease of 1000-grain weight and grain diameter was main factors of yield decrease.Stress tolerance index(STI),geometric mean productivity(GMP),mean productivity(MP),harmonic mean(HM),mean relative performance(MRP),relative productivity(RP)were significantly positive with the mean grain yield of genotype under normal condition(Yp)and mean grain yield of genotype under stress condition(Ys),which were suitable for screening potential genotypes under waterlogging stress and normal environment.The stress susceptibility index(SSI),waterlogging tolerance index(WTI),stress tolerance(TOL)were significantly negatively correlated with Ys,which were suitable for screening varieties with high yield potential under waterlogging stress.Factor 1 mainly explained GMP,HM,MP,WTI and RP,reflecting the yield characteristics,and factor 2 mainly explained SSI,Tol and STI,reflecting the waterlogging resistance characteristics.The proportion of GMP,HM,MP,STI,WTI and RP were all above 0.85,indicating a high degree of interpretation,which was suitable for primary screening of moisture resistance of varieties(lines).The results showed that the comprehensive scores and STS values of Guohaomai 6,Yang 15-133,Yang 16-157,Yang mai 20,Huamai 1064,Emai 166,Huamai 1061,Annong 170,Ningmai 9,Huamai 1063 and Wanke 125 were higher than those of waterlogging tolerant control Yangmai 25.It could be seen that the varieties with comprehensive score above 0.30 or STS value above 4.00 was waterlogging tolerance varieties.Therefore,the comprehensive scores and STS values obtained from GMP,HM,MP,STI,WTI and RP could be used as indicators for screening resistant germplasm resources.