双行凹垄模式下宽窄行配置对烤烟上部叶生长发育及质量的影响

Effects of Wide-Narrow Row Configuration in Double-Row Concave Ridge on Growth and Quality of Upper Leaves of Flue-Cured Tobacco

为明确双行凹垄模式下宽窄行配置对烤烟上部叶生长发育及质量的影响,以NC102为试验品种,设T1(宽行1.2m、窄行1.0m)、T2(宽行1.3m、窄行0.9m)和T3(宽行1.4m、窄行0.8m)3个宽窄行种植处理,以等行距种植为对照(CK,行距1.1m),研究双行凹垄模式下宽窄行配置对上部叶农艺性状、叶片组织结构、衰老特性、碳氮代谢、烤后化学成分、感官质量及经济性状的影响。结果表明,与CK处理相比,T2处理提高了叶面积及海绵组织/栅栏组织,降低了长宽比及叶片厚度,可改善上部叶农艺性状及组织结构;T2和T3处理可抑制上部叶衰老特性相关酶(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶)活性,增加丙二醛含量,促进生理衰老成熟;T2处理可降低上部叶硝酸还原酶活性,提高淀粉酶及中性转化酶活性,改善碳氮代谢,降低烤后烟叶烟碱含量,提高还原糖含量,协调糖碱比,提升感官质量,提高烟叶产量和产值。综合来看,双行凹垄模式下采用宽行1.3m、窄行0.9m的种植模式对改善烤烟上部叶生长发育效果最佳。

In order to clarify the effects of wide-narrow row configuration on the growth and quality of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco under the double-row concave ridge mode,taking NC102 as the experimental variety,three wide-narrow row planting treatments of T1(wide row 1.2m,narrow row 1.0m),T2(wide row 1.3m,narrow row 0.9m)and T3(wide row 1.4m,narrow row 0.8m)were set,and the same row spacing planting(1.1m)was used as the control(CK).The effects of wide-narrow row configuration on agronomic traits,leaf tissue structure,senescence characteristics,carbon and nitrogen metabolism,chemical composition,sensory quality and economic traits of upper leaves under different double-row concave ridge modes were studied.The results showed that compared with CK,T2 treatment increased the leaf area and sponge tissue/fence tissue of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco,decreased the length-width ratio and leaf thickness,and improved the agronomic traits and organizational structure of upper leaves.T2 and T3 treatments inhibited the activities of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase and catalase related to senescence characteristics of upper leaves,increased malondialdehyde content,and promoted physiological senescence and maturation;T2 treatment could reduce nitrate reductase activity,increase amylase and neutral invertase activities,improve carbon and nitrogen metabolism,reduce nicotine content of cured tobacco leaves,increase reducing sugar content,coordinate sugar-base ratio,improve sensory quality,and increase tobacco yield and output value.In summary,the wide-narrow row planting mode with a wide row of 1.3m and a narrow row of 0.9m was suitable for the double-row concave ridge planting mode to improve the growth and development of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco.