免疫微环境在结直肠癌发生发展及治疗中的研究进展

Research progress of immune microenvironment in colorectal cancer development and treatment

结直肠癌是一种对人类健康威胁极大,且发病率和病死率逐年上升的恶性肿瘤,深入了解结直肠癌发病机制,分析影响疾病发展的可能因素,探索新型治疗方案对改善肿瘤进展和预后至关重要。目前研究发现,肿瘤免疫微环境中免疫细胞浸润、免疫检查点分子等与结直肠癌的发生发展密切相关。本文主要就结直肠癌免疫微环境中免疫细胞及免疫检查点的作用和致病机制进行综述,以探讨免疫因素对患者病程进展及预后的影响,并对结直肠癌免疫治疗方法进行了部分总结。

Colorectal cancer is a kind of malignant tumor that poses a great threat to human health,and its morbidity and mortality rates are increasing year by year.It is crucial to further understand the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer,analyze the possible factors affecting the development of the disease,and explore novel therapeutic options to improve the progression and prognosis of tumor.Current studies have found that immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint molecules in the tumor immune microenvironment are closely related to the development of colorectal cancer.This article reviews the roles and pathogenic mechanisms of immune cells and immune checkpoints in the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer,in order to explore the influence of immune factors on the disease progression and prognosis of patients,and partially summarizes the immunotherapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer.