人以群分? 学业动机比较对青少年同伴选择的影响

Do Birds of a Feather Flock Together? The Influence of Academic Motivation Comparison on Adolescents'Peer Selection

分别选取217名和245名青少年参与研究,考察学业动机比较的方向与相似性对青少年主动情境同伴选择与被动情境同伴去选择的影响。结果发现:(1)与下行比较相比,学业动机上行比较时同伴选择较多且同伴去选择较少;(2)与低相似水平相比,学业动机高相似时同伴选择较多且同伴去选择较少;(3)学业动机比较的方向与相似性对同伴选择及去选择存在交互作用,高相似条件下个体倾向与上行比较者做同伴,而低相似性条件个体面对上行比较者较多发起同伴去选择;(4)学业动机比较可通过状态自尊对同伴去选择产生影响。研究结果有助于理解青少年同伴关系的构建,对于引导同伴交往、提升自尊水平有重要意义。

This study explored the influence of academic motivation comparison and peer similarity on active peer selection(study 1)and passive peer de-selection(study 2).A total of 217 and 245 adolescents participated in the two studies,respectively.The results showed that:(1)When being asked to select peers they wished to meet and interact with,adolescents preferred peers who had higher academic motivation.Besides,they were more likely to de-select those who had lower academic motivation;(2)Adolescents preferred to select those peers who had a similar level of academic motivation to themselves.Furthermore,they tended to de-select individuals with the dissimilar academic motivation to themselves;(3)There was an interaction between the direction and the similarity of academic motivation comparison on peer selection and de-selection.If the level of academic motivation similarity was high,adolescents tended to select those who had higher academic motivation and de-select those who had lower academic motivation.If the level of academic motivation similarity was low,adolescents still tended to select those who had higher academic motivation while de-select those who had higher academic motivation;(4)Academic motivation comparison could influence peer de-selection through state self-esteem.These findings enhance our understanding of the formation of adolescents'peer relationships and can be useful in the guidance of peer interaction and the promotion of self-esteem.